苦荞粒形相关性状的遗传分析  

Genetic Analysis of Grain Shape Related Traits in Tartary Buckwheat

作　　者：李春花[1,2] 黄金亮 尹桂芳 王艳青[1] 卢文洁[1] 孙道旺[1] 王春龙[2] 郭来春[2] 洪波[4] 任长忠 王莉花[1] Li Chunhua;Huang Jinliang;Yin Guifang;Wang Yanqing;Lu Wenjie;Sun Daowang;Wang Chunlong;Guo Laichun;Hong Bo;Ren Changzhong;Wang Lihua(Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology/Key Laboratory of Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Kunming 650205,Yunnan,China;Baicheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Jilin Province,Baicheng 137000,Jilin,China;Jilin Dunhua Potato Development and Breeding Center,Dunhua 133700,Jilin,China;Baoyun Station for Popularizing Agricultural Technology,Huize 654200,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所/云南省农业生物技术重点实验室/农业农村部西南作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室,云南昆明650205 [2]吉林省白城市农业科学院,吉林白城137000 [3]吉林省敦化市马铃薯开发繁育中心,吉林敦化133700 [4]会泽县宝云街道农业技术推广站,云南会泽654200

出　　处：《作物杂志》2020年第3期42-46,共5页Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31860412、31460379);国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系-荞麦病虫害防控岗位(CARS-07-C-2)。

摘　　要：利用籽粒大小差异较大的2个苦荞品种的杂交后代开展了与产量具有密切关系的粒形相关性状的遗传规律及其性状间的相关性分析。结果表明,F2和F3群体的粒长、粒宽、长宽比和千粒重表现值范围都超过亲本的表现值,并且粒长、粒宽和长宽比的变异系数均小于10%,千粒重的变异系数大于10%。另外,粒长、粒宽、长宽比和千粒重的加性方差均大于显性方差,广义遗传率在F2和F3代中分别为0.77~0.82和0.82~0.85,固定遗传率都达到0.80以上。粒形性状间的相关性分析结果表明,粒长、粒宽和千粒重相互间都存在极显著的正相关,粒宽和千粒重,粒长和长宽比的遗传相关系数较大。以上结果表明,具有较高遗传率的粒形相关性状可以在后代早期进行选择,但由于这些性状是数量性状而且受多个基因的控制,因此建议继续繁殖后代到基因型稳定,同时考虑性状间的相关性选拔最为有效。In this study, we used the hybrid offspring of two tartary buckwheat varieties with large difference in grain size to carry out the genetic parameter of grain-related traits closely related to yield and the phenotypic and genetic correlation among grain-related traits. The results showed that grain length, grain width, length-width ratio and 1000-kernel weight of F2 and F3 populations were all higher than that of their parents, the coefficient of variation of grain length, grain width and length-width ratio was less than 10%, and the coefficient of variation of 1000-kernel weight was more than 10%. In addition, the additive variance of grain length, grain width, length-width ratio and 1000-kernel weight were higher than that of the dominant variance. The broad sense heritability was from 0.77 to 0.82 and from 0.82 to 0.85 in F2 and F3 generations, respectively, and the true sense heritability was over 0.80. The correlation analysis between grain shape traits showed that there were significant phenotypic positive correlations among grain length, grain width and 1000-kernel weight, and the genetic correlation coefficients of grain width and 1000-kernel weight, grain length and aspect ratio was large. The above results indicated that grain shape related traits with high heritability could be selected in early generations, but since these traits were quantitative traits and controlled by multiple genes, it was suggested that the offspring should continue to be propagated until the genotype was stable, it is most effective to select the characters with the correlation among them.

关 键 词：苦荞 粒形 遗传规律 遗传相关 表现型相关 

分 类 号：S517[农业科学—作物学]