压力型体制、控制权分配与居委会行政化的生成  

Pressure-Based System,Distribution of Control Rights and Passive Administration of Neighborhood Committees

作　　者：侯利文[1] HOU Li-wen(College of Social and Public Administration,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai,200237)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学社会与公共管理学院,上海200237

出　　处：《深圳大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2020年第3期111-120,共10页Journal of Shenzhen University：Humanities & Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“社会工作融入基层社会治理的路径差异与模式创新研究”(18CSH057);国家社科基金重大项目“中国特色社会体制改革与社会治理创新研究”(16ZDA078)。

摘　　要：居委会在压力型体制中的行政化是一个研究共识,但学术界对"压力型体制"的分析存在内生逻辑上的不足。整合"压力型体制"和"控制权分配"两个分析模型,以宜街为个案,研析居委会在街居制传统中"行政化"过程的动态生成与内在逻辑,结果发现:街道通过激励相容原则下的激励系统设计、常规模式与动员模式之间的自主切换、财政拨款与公益创投中的居财街管,以及选聘结合下社区工作者的选用与考核等,有效地肢解了居委会自治力。上述环节的嵌套与匹配运作,较为全面地展演了"居委会行政化"的生成。社区居委会上有街道政府之高压,旁有垂直职能部门之延伸,内有"居财街管"、"选聘结合"体制之侵蚀,其行政化的生成是必然结果。There is a consensus among researchers on the passive administration of the neighborhood committee in a pressure-based system,but academics do not have sufficient analysis of the“pressured-based system”in terms of internal logic.This paper integrates the two analysis models of“pressure-based system”and“distribution of control rights”,and takes Yijie as an example to analyze the evolution and internal logic of the“passive administration”process of the neighborhood committee in traditional street-community system.The findings show that the street effectively weakens the autonomy of the neighborhood committee through the incentive system design under the incentive compatibility principle,the autonomous switch between the conventional mode and the mobilization mode,the financial office of the street managing the financial affairs of the neighborhood committee(including financial appropriation and venture philanthropy),as well as the selection and evaluation of community workers under the current selection and appointment system.All these measures and effective coordination presents the whole picture of the passive administration of the neighborhood committee.The neighborhood committee faces pressure from the street office,and extension of vertical functional departments.Besides,the financial affairs of the neighborhood committee are subject to the management of the street financial office,and the system of“the combination of selection and employment”gradually erodes its structure.All these changes make passive administration of the neighborhood committee an inevitable result.

关 键 词：控制权分配 压力型体制 居委会 行政化生成 内在逻辑 

分 类 号：C915[经济管理]