外军化生放核防御的训练基地建设、培训课程与训练  

Construction of bases,training courses and implementation of training for chemical,biological,radiological,and nuclear defense in foreign armies

作　　者：程晋 但国蓉[1] 刘光辉 吴志勇 赵远鹏[1] 余文珮 陈明亮[1] 邹仲敏[1] CHENG Jin;DAN Guorong;LIU Guanghui;WU Zhiyong;ZHAO Yuanpeng;YU Wenpei;CHEN Mingliang;ZOU Zhongmin(Department of Chemical Defense Medicine,Faculty of Military Preventive Medicine,Army Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,400038;Medical Company of Troop 32149,Luoyang,Henan Province,471100;Medical Company of Troop 71622,Xuchang,Henan Province,461000,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)军事预防医学系防化医学教研室,重庆400038 [2]32149部队卫生连,河南洛阳471100 [3]71622部队卫生连,河南许昌461000

出　　处：《第三军医大学学报》2020年第12期1247-1252,共6页Journal of Third Military Medical University

基　　金：后保部卫生局军队卫勤保障能力创新与生成专项计划(20WQ002);陆军军医大学军事后勤科研专项课题(2019HQZX08);陆军军医大学教育改革研究课题(2018B08,2019A01)。

摘　　要：化学的、生物的、放射的、核的(chemical,biological,radiological,and nuclear,CBRN,简称化生放核)威胁一直是战场上的防御重点。基地化训练是目前西方发达国家和跨国军事组织主要采取的军事训练模式。本文介绍了外军重要的CBRN训练基地的设施、培训课程、装备等建设情况。如美国马斯卡塔图克城市培训中心、美军积极响应(Vibrant Response)演习项目、德国霍恩费尔斯训练区、北约Oberammergau学院的CBRN培训、英国国防部CBRN防御中心;列举了依托这些基地开展的有代表性的实景模拟训练,介绍参训的武装力量、战斗任务和内容。据此提出,我军在与卫勤保障演练协同或专门进行卫生机构和卫生力量的CBRN基地化训练方面还需要加强;在训练课程设置方面应该更多地面向多军种、多兵种、多层次、多岗位的受训者;在训练设施建设方面,应该以实景为依托并设置相应的课程和训练内容,同时注重培养一支以多专业、多层次的专家和技术专长人员为骨干的教官队伍。Chemical,biological,radiological,and nuclear(CBRN)threats remain the fundamental focus of defense on the battlefield.In developed Western countries and transnational military organizations,training for CBRN threats is conducted primarily in specialized military bases.This article summarizes the facility construction,design of the training courses and equipment of important CBRN bases of foreign armies and describes the representative scenario-based training programs,for example,Muscataturk Urban Training Center(USA),Vibrant Response(USA).Hohenfels Training Area(German),CBRN training of Oberammergau College of NATO,and the CBRN Defense Center of the Department of Defense of the United Kingdom,providing also details concerning the military forces participating in the training,their specific tasks and items in the training.The practices of the foreign militaries in base-conducted CBRN training offer valuable experiences that may help to improve CBRN training and medical service support of the armed forces in China.

关 键 词：基地化训练 培训课程 训练场景 演练 化生放核 

分 类 号：R821.13[医药卫生—临床医学] R827