语气副词“并”的语法化历程及其反预期标记功能  

The Grammaticalization Process of Modal Adverb“Bing”and Its Counter-Expectation Marker Function

作　　者：覃振桃[1,2] QIN Zhen-tao(School of Foreign Languages,Yan′an University,Yan′an 716000,Shaanxi;.School of Foreign Languages,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]延安大学外国语学院,陕西延安716000 [2]中国人民大学外国语学院,北京100872

出　　处：《延安大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第3期99-103,共5页Journal of Yan'an University (Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：延安大学校级科研项目“日语情态的句中形式研究”(YDQ2019-06)。

摘　　要：“并”从动词虚化为副词是由各种语法化机制形成的。通过相邻句位由动词演变为情状副词,然后经过语义泛化情状副词转化为总括副词,再通过语境吸收使得总括义淡化、转折义增强,最终虚化为语气副词。在共时层面,语气副词“并”作为预设触发语,是一个反预期标记。“并”通过激活语用预设、凸显话语焦点信息,实现语用上的反预期功能,用于表明说话者的主观态度与看法,属于句中情态范畴。The evolution from verb to adverb of“bing”is formed by various grammaticalization mechanisms.Its evolution from verb to adverb of manner is realized through adjacent context.Then it is evolved into a general adverb by generalization.By context absorption,the general meaning of“bing”is weakened,its turning meaning is strengthened,and eventually it becomes an adverb of mood.In the synchronic level,modal adverb“bing”as a presupposition trigger,it is an anti-expectation mark.“Bing”realizes the counter-expectation function in pragmatics through activating pragmatic presupposition,and highlighting the focus of discourse information.It shows the speaker′s subjective attitude and view,so it belongs to the category of middle-of-sentence expression of modality.

关 键 词：“并” 语法化 预设 反预期标记 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]