2006-2017年成都地区酸雨变化特征及趋势分析  

Characteristics and Variation Trends of Acid Rain in Chengdu during 2006-2017

作　　者：郑丽英 陈志安 张丽 陈月琴 洪小鸥 史海霞[6] ZHENG Liying;CHEN Zhian;ZHANG Li;CHEN Yueqin;HONG Xiaoou;SHI Haixia(Wenjiang Meteorological Service,Chengdu 613000;Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 613000;Xindu Meteorological Service,Chengdu 610500;Chengdu Meteorological Office,Chengdu 611000;Jianyang Meteorological Office,Chengdu 610500;Southwest University of Science and Technology,Sichuan,Mianyang 621010)

机构地区：[1]成都市温江区气象局,成都613000 [2]高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室,成都613000 [3]成都市新都区气象局,成都610500 [4]成都市气象局,成都611000 [5]四川省简阳市气象局,成都610500 [6]西南科技大学,绵阳621010

出　　处：《气象科技》2020年第3期380-386,共7页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(15CGL043)“我国城市居民PM_(2.5)减排行为影响因素及支持政策研究”和高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室科技发展基金项目资助。

摘　　要：利用成都地区温江、简阳两个酸雨观测站2006-2017年的历史酸雨观测资料,结合主要大气污染物浓度数据以及降水量、风等地面气象要素,分析成都地区的酸雨变化特征及趋势。研究结果表明:温江站多年平均pH值为4.74,酸雨频率为51.6%,简阳站多年平均pH值为5.64,酸雨频率为27.2%,酸雨频率在地理区域上分布呈现不均一性;降水pH值和电导率(K)季节变化特征显著,降水pH值夏季最高,冬季最低,而降水K值则相反,夏季最小,冬季最大;近年来酸雨年变化有年平均pH值上升、酸雨频率下降和强度减弱趋势特征,年平均K值减小规律明显:温江K值以每年约3.5μS·cm^-1·a^-1的速率下降,简阳以每年约3.7μS·cm^-1·a^-1的速率下降;降水pH值与大气污染物SO2、NO2的负相关较为明显,相关系数为-0.488,硫氧化物对酸雨污染贡献逐渐减小;降水K值和大气主要污染物有较强的正相关,相关系数为0.657,与PM10、PM2.5相关性好于与SO2、NO2,近地层大气污染颗粒物浓度对降水K值影响较大;降水pH值与降水量级的变化不明显,但降水量越大其K值越小,且随平均风速的增大降水pH值相对偏大而K值偏小。Characteristics and variation trends of acid rainfall in Chengdu are analyzed using the historical observation data of acid rains combined with the concentrations of air pollutants and other surface meteorological data such as precipitation amount and winds at Wenjiang and Jianyang stations from 2006 to 2017.Results show that the average pH of precipitation and the frequency of acid rains were 4.74 and 51.6% at Wenjiang,respectively,while the corresponding values were 5.64 and 27.2% at Jianyang,implying that the frequency of acid rains was not distributed uniformly across the geographical area.Seasonal variations of pH and K values of precipitation were significant,with high pH values in summer and low in winter.In contrast,the high Kvalues were observed in winter and low values in summer.The annual variation trends of pH of precipitation increased during the observation periods,corresponding to the decreasing trends of frequency and intensity of acid rains.In addition,the K values decreased dramatically,with a decrease rate of 3.5 and 3.7μS·cm-1·a-1 at Wenjiang and Jianyang,respectively.The pH of precipitation showed negative correlations with SO2 and NO2 with a correlation coefficient of -0.488,and sulfur oxides contributed less to acid rain pollution;while Kvalues exhibited highly positive correlations with the above pollutants with a correlation coefficient of 0.657.The relationship between pH and Kvalues for SO2 and NO2 were stronger than that of PM10 and PM2.5.Additionally,the concentrations of atmospheric particulate had an significant impact on the K values.The pH varied insignificantly with precipitation amount,while Kvalues decreased with the increase of precipitation amount.Winds showed a positive correlation with pH but negative correlation with Kvalues of precipitation.

关 键 词：成都 酸雨 变化特征 趋势分析 

分 类 号：P49[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] X517[环境科学与工程—环境工程]