北京及广州社区老年人抑郁焦虑水平与社会支持相关研究  

Correlation between depression,anxiety and social support among the elderly in Beijing and Guangzhou communities

作　　者：梁蔚蔚[1] 李娟 刘园园 安娜[1,3] 苏宁 史琰琛[1,3] 洪波 王静华[1,3] 肖世富 王涛[1,3] Liang Wei-wei;Li Juan;Liu Yuan-yuan;An Na;Su Ning;Shi Yan-chen;Hong Bo;Wang Jing-hua;Xiao Shi-fu;Wang Tao(Department of Geriatric Medicine,The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650032,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省第一人民医院老年医学科,昆明650032 [2]江西省吉安市第三人民医院,吉安343000 [3]上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心老年科,上海交通大学阿尔茨海默病诊治中心,上海200030

出　　处：《阿尔茨海默病及相关病杂志》2020年第2期129-135,共7页Chinese Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders

基　　金：国家科技部科技支撑计划项目(2009BAI77B03);上海市卫生系统优秀人才培养计划(优秀学科带头人)项目(2017BR054)。

摘　　要：目的:以北京和广州为例,探讨中国北方和南方经济发达城市的社区老年人抑郁焦虑水平和社会支持的差异性及相关因素。方法:采用整群随机抽样的方法,自评式问卷与精神科医师评定结合,调查北京市252名及广州市220名60岁以上的社区老年人,问卷包括人口学资料,老年抑郁量表(Geriatric Depression Scale,GDS)、焦虑自评量表(Self-rating Anxiety scale,SAS)、社会支持评定量表(Social Support Rate Scale,SSRS);医师评定既往健康情况等信息。应用秩和检验比较两城市社区老年人GDS、SAS、SSRS评分的差异,采用Spearman相关及最优尺度回归分析探索影响社区老年人GDS、SAS评分的因素。结果:北京社区老年人GDS、SAS的评分高于广州(P<0.01);广州社区老年人SSRS的评分高于北京(P<0.01)。相关及最优尺度回归分析表明,两城市社区老年人GDS、SAS的评分与社会支持总分呈负相关(P<0.05),同时,社会支持评分对GDS、SAS评分的贡献度最大(0.580和0.662),社会支持评分越高,GDS、SAS的评分越低。结论:广州市社区老年人抑郁焦虑水平低于北京市,社会支持程度与老年人抑郁焦虑相关。Objective Taking Beijing and Guangzhou as examples,this paper explores the differences and interrelations of depression,anxiety and social support among the elderly in high-income urban communities in the South and north of China.Methods Total 472 participants,age 60 years or older,were randomly selected in Beijing,Guangzhou.Demographic data,medical history,and scores on the Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS),Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Social Support Rate Scale(SSRS)were obtained from the participants.Rank sum test was used to analyze the differences of GDS,SAS and SSRS between the elderly in two urban communities.Spearman correlation and optimal scale regression analysis were used to explore the factors affecting the GDS and SAS scores of the elderly in the community.Results The GDS and SAS scores of the elderly in Beijing community were significantly higher than those in Guangzhou(P<0.01).However,the SSRS score of the elderly in Guangzhou community was significantly higher than that in Beijing(P<0.01).Correlation and optimal scale regression analysis showed that the GDS and SAS scores of the elderly in the two urban communities were negatively correlated with the SSRS scores(P<0.05).At the same time,the SSRS scores contributed the most to GDS and SAS scores(Importance:0.580 and 0.662).The higher the SSRS scores,the lower the GDS and SAS scores.Conclusion The depression and anxiety of the elderly in Guangzhou community is significantly lower than that in Beijing,and the degree of social support is related to the depression and anxiety of the elderly.

关 键 词：社区老年人 抑郁 焦虑 社会支持 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]