谁的价值?何种价值?——科学知识价值中立性的哲学反思  

Whose Value & What Value: Philosophical Reflection on Value-Neutrality in Scientific Knowledge

作　　者：田甲乐[1] TIAN Jia-le(Institute of Science,Technology and Society,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang,Henan 453007,China)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学科技与社会研究所,新乡453007

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2020年第5期79-84,共6页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：河南省哲学社会科学规划项目“中国社会治理现代化中专家知识和公众知识的协同发展研究”(2019BZX009);河南师范大学博士科研启动课题“科学知识的公共性问题研究”(qd17105)。

摘　　要：科学知识的价值中立性一方面指对人类个体的价值中立,另一方面指对人类未来发展的价值中立。近代科学认知规范和社会规范保证了科学知识对人类个体意义上的价值中立性寻求,二战后,科学认知规范和社会规范的变化并没有损害科学知识对前述价值中立性的寻求,而是突出了对人类未来发展价值中立性的寻求。科学知识的价值中立性不是抽象的,而是存在于实践之中,科学认知规范和社会规范能够保证对价值中立性的寻求和最大程度消除知识生产者个体在知识生产活动中的社会因素,但是无法消除时代背景因素。The value-neutrality of scientific knowledge refers to both the value-neutrality of individual human beings and the value-neutrality of the future development for human beings. Modern scientific cognitive and social norms ensured the value-neutrality pursuit of scientific knowledge in the aspect of individual human beings. After World War II, the changes in scientific cognitive and social norms did not undermine the scientific knowledge’s pursuit for the aforementioned value-neutrality, but highlighted the the pursuit for the value-neutrality of the future development for human beings. The value-neutrality of scientific knowledge is not an abstract notion, instead it exists in practice. In the pursuit of value-neutrality, cognitive and social norms can maximally eliminate the social factors in the knowledge-production activities for individual producers, but cannot eliminate the background factors of the historical eras.

关 键 词：科学知识 价值中立 认知规范 社会规范 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]