赣语“鱼虞有别”的层次  

On the separated stratum of Middle Chinese s Yu鱼and Yu虞rhymes in the Gan dialects

作　　者：谢留文[1] XIE Liuwen

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院语言研究所,北京

出　　处：《中国语文》2020年第4期450-457,511,512,共10页Studies of the Chinese Language

摘　　要：“鱼、虞”两韵的分混是《切韵》时代南北汉语方言的重要差异之一。这种差别在今天现代汉语方言中依然普遍存在。吴语、闽语、赣语、客家话、湘语、徽语、部分官话方言等都存在“鱼虞有别”的层次。绝大多数赣语鱼韵区别虞韵只有一个层次,少数赣语有两个层次,与一般方言的“鱼虞有别”并无本质不同。但是赣语遇摄一等模韵和三等虞韵也有读同鱼韵白读的层次,这是赣语不同于一般方言“鱼虞有别”的地方,也与《切韵》时代的“鱼虞有别”不同。One of the most significant differences between southern and northern Chinese dialects during the time of Qieyun切韵is on the distinguishing of the Yu鱼and Yu虞rhymes.Such distinction between southern and northern dialects is still widely acknowledged in modern Chinese.The separation between Middle Chinese(MC)Yu鱼and Yu虞rhymes can be found in dialects of Wu,Min,Gan,Hakka,Xiang,Hui and some types of Mandarin dialects.In most Gan dialects,there is only one separated stratum between MC Yu鱼and Yu虞rhymes while a few Gan dialects present two separated strata.This is not significantly different from their distinction in other dialects.However,in the Gan dialects,there is a stratum in which characters from the MC Mu模rhyme(division I)and Yu虞rhyme(division III)of the Yu遇group share the same pronunciation with the colloquial reading of the Yu鱼rhyme.This is different from the separated stratum between MC Yu鱼and Yu虞rhymes in other dialects,and is distinguished from the situation as recorded in the Qieyun as well.

关 键 词：赣语 鱼虞有别 层次 

分 类 号：H175[语言文字—汉语]