认罪认罚从宽视阈下的量刑困境与优化路径  

The Dilemma and Optimization of Sentencing in the Context of Leniency System on Guilty and Punishment Admission

作　　者：张金科 ZHANG Jin-ke(School of Law, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学法学院,南京210093

出　　处：《北京社会科学》2020年第7期119-128,共10页Social Sciences of Beijing

摘　　要：《刑事诉讼法》已经确定被追诉人认罪认罚之后可以从宽处理,但这种程序性激励的从宽后果并没有在实体法上得到追认。认罪认罚从宽虽兼具程序与实体的双重属性,却无法获得与自首、坦白等法定情节的同等法律地位。试点过程中“程序从简有余、实体从宽不足”的弊病在全面施行之际仍然存在,并随着在重大刑事案件中的扩大适用而不断放大。值班律师为被追诉人提供帮助的“缺乏实质化”并不会因辩护律师的身份获得而明显改观。辩护人提出量刑意见的“议刑权”无法与公诉人发表量刑建议的“求刑权”等质齐观。为推进认罪认罚从宽制度正确实施与健康发展,应当在《刑法》中将认罪认罚确立为法定减轻处罚情节。控辩审三方需建立沟通机制,确保认罪认罚的量刑法律后果在司法机关形成共识。律师应加强量刑辩护预期管理,树立针对不同程序区分辩护的格局观。法院应当坚守量刑裁判的主导权,强化对文书量刑部分的充分说理。The Code of Criminal Procedure has established that the accused can be granted clemency after pleading guilty to a guilty plea,but the lenient consequences of such procedural incentives have not been recognized in substantive law.The leniency of confession and punishment has dual attributes of procedure and entity.However,it cannot obtain the same legal status as surrender,confession,etc.The defects of oversimplified procedures and insufficient leniency in the pilot process still exist at the time of full implementation,and with the expansion of the application in major criminal cases continue to enlarge.The lack of materialization of the duty lawyer's assistance to the accused will not be significantly improved by the status of the defense lawyer.The right which the defense put forward the opinion of sentencing cannot be compared with the“right to seek punishment”which the public prosecutor issued the sentencing proposal.In order to promote the correct implementation and healthy development of the lenient system of admission of guilt and punishment,we should do as follows:confessions of guilty pleas should be established as statutory mitigating circumstances in the Criminal Law,ensuring that the legal consequences of sentencing of guilty pleas are consensual in the judiciary,lawyers should strengthen the expected management of sentencing defense,the court should stick to the leading power of sentencing judgment,the judge strengthens full reasoning on the sentencing part of the judgment.

关 键 词：认罪认罚 量刑建议 量刑意见 有效量刑辩护 量刑裁判 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]