车辆传动系统密封环局部高温热点的热失稳建模研究  

Thermal Instability Modeling Research on Hot Spots of Sealing Ring in Transmission of Vehicle

作　　者：宫燃[1] 占超 徐宜[2] 张鹤[2] GONG Ran;ZHAN Chao;XUYi;ZHANG He(School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013;China North Vehicle Research Institute,Beijing 100072)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,镇江212013 [2]中国北方车辆研究所,北京100072

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2020年第9期154-161,共8页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51675238);江苏大学科技项目青年扶持基金(FCJJ005)资助项目。

摘　　要：根据车辆传动系统密封环的服役特征,提出了一种密封环局部高温热点的热失稳有限元建模方法,可以用来计算密封环发生局部高温热点的临界速度。构建了密封温度存在扰动形式的表达式,基于伽辽金有限元算法,建立密封环局部高温热点的热失稳有限元模型,处理密封系统的热结构耦合关系,形成了密封环局部高温热点临界速度的计算方法。以铜基粉末冶金和灰铸铁密封环为例,计算了不同摩擦因数条件下发生高温热点的临界速度,并考察了临界速度与材料弹性模量、热导率、比热容、热膨胀系数的定量关系。利用自主开发设计的密封性能试验台进行密封热失稳试验研究,设计了密封环热失稳的试验方法,观测了两种密封材料温升及其扰动迁移情况,试验结果与模拟计算结果具有一致性,表明了密封环局部高温热点模拟方法的有效性。According to the characteristics of the sealing rings in the transmission of a vehicle,a finite element method of thermal instability is presented for determining the critical speeds of local hot spots on the sealing rings.The temperature perturbation of the sealing ring is expressed.The finite element model of the thermal instability for hot spots is constructed based on the Galerkin finite element algorithm.The solution of thermal structure coupled problem is completed,and an algorithm for calculating the critical speeds of hot spots on the sealing ring is developed.Taking copper-based powder metallurgy and gray cast iron sealing materials as examples,the critical speeds of local hot spots are calculated at the different frictional coefficients.The effects of sealing material properties on the critical speed,such as elastic modulus,thermal conductivity,specific heat capacity,and thermal expansion coefficient,are determined.Experimental investigations are performed using a seal test rig.A test method of the thermal instability is proposed,which is applied to observe the perturbation and migration of the sealing ring temperature for two sealing materials,allowing for a comparison of the calculated and experimental critical speed results to enable an assessment of the accuracy level.The numerical and experimental results indicated the effectiveness of the finite element model in simulating hot spots of the sealing rings.

关 键 词：密封环 高温热点 有限元法 临界速度 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]