咸阳市护士职业倦怠与职业稳定性现状调查  

Investigation on current situation of job burnout and occupational stability among nurses in Xianyang City

作　　者：王珍珍 王小莉[3] 纪婷 张志刚 胡婷婷[5] WANG Zhen-zhen;WANG Xiao-li;JI Ting;ZHANG Zhi-gang;HU Ting-ting(School of Nursing,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang Shaanxi,712046,China;School of Public Health,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang Shaanxi,712046,China;Department of Dermatology,Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang Shaanxi,712000,China;Clinical Laboratory,Xianyang Central Hospital,Xianyang Shaanxi,712000,China;Department of Quality Control,First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an Shaanxi,710061,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西中医药大学护理学院,陕西咸阳712046 [2]陕西中医药大学公共卫生学院,陕西咸阳712046 [3]陕西中医药大学第一附属医院皮肤科,陕西咸阳712000 [4]咸阳市中心医院检验科,陕西咸阳712000 [5]西安交通大学第一附属医院质控科,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《职业与健康》2020年第8期1009-1013,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：咸阳地区2016年科技成果推广计划(2016KT-25)。

摘　　要：目的调查陕西省咸阳市护士职业倦怠和职业稳定性现状,探讨职业倦怠与职业稳定性之间的关系。方法采用分层抽样和整群抽样法,于2017年6-9月选择咸阳市8家二级以上医院共1163名护士作为调查对象,通过问卷调查了解其职业倦怠和职业稳定性的现状及其关系。结果咸阳市护士职业倦怠发生率为66.72%,其中成就感降低最严重,评分为22.41±6.15;职业稳定性评分为15.60±3.41,其中辞去目前工作的可能性评分为5.54±1.59,获得外部工作的可能性评分为5.40±1.54,寻找其他工作的动机评分为4.65±1.21。男性、年龄≥35岁、本科和离异护士的职业倦怠各维度评分较高,而女性、年龄25~29岁、硕士、离异和丧偶护士职业稳定性各维度评分较低。不同科室和岗位的护士在情感耗竭、人格解体、离职意愿Ⅰ和Ⅱ比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),不同工龄、职称护士在职业倦怠各维度和离职意愿Ⅲ方面比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。职业倦怠和职业稳定性呈负相关(r=-0.209,P<0.05)。多元回归分析结果显示,对职业稳定性的影响作用从大到小依次是情感耗竭、人格解体和成就感降低。结论咸阳市护士职业倦怠较严重,职业倦怠与职业稳定性呈显著负相关,其中寻找其他工作的可能性较大。对职业稳定性的影响作用从大到小依次是情感耗竭、人格解体和成就感降低。Objective To investigate the current situation of job burnout and occupational stability among nurses in Xianyang City of Shaanxi Province,and to explore their relationship.Methods Stratified sampling and cluster sampling were adopted to select1163 nurses from 8 secondary and above hospitals in Xianyang City from June to September in 2017 as research object.The current situation and relationship of job burnout and occupational stability were investigated by questionnaire.Results The incidence rate of job burnout was 66.72%of nurses in Xianyang City,among which accomplishment reducing was the most serious(22.41±6.15).The score of occupational stability was 15.60±3.41,among them,the score of probability of resigning from the current job was 5.54±1.59,the score of possibility of obtaining other work was 5.40±1.54,and the score of motivation for finding other work was 4.65±1.21.The scores of each dimension of job burnout for the male,aged≥35 years,undergraduate and divorced nurses were relatively high,while scores of all dimensions of occupational stability for the female,aged 25-29 years,bachelor’s degree and divorced or widowed nurses were relatively low.The scores of emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and demission intentionⅠandⅡhad significant differences between nurses with different departments and positions(P<0.05).The scores of all dimensions of job burnout and demission intentionⅢhad significant differences between nurses with different ages and titles(P<0.05).Job burnout was negatively correlated with job stability(r=-0.209,P<0.05).Multivariate regression analysis showed that the impact on occupational stability from large to small was emotional exhaustion,personality disintegration and reduced sense of achievement.Conclusion The job burnout is more serious among nurses in Xianyang City,and there is a significant negative correlation between job burnout and job stability.Among them,the motivation to seek other jobs is more likely.The effects on occupational stability in descending order a

关 键 词：护士 职业倦怠 职业稳定性 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]