身体锻炼与绿、蓝色景观暴露改善人体精神健康的耦合:路径、实证与协同效应  

The Progress on Mental Health Improvement by Green and Blue Exercise

作　　者：何晓龙[1] 沈军[1] 姜小平[1] 胡辉[1] 宋战兵[1] 唐章文 HE Xiaolong;SHEN Jun;JIANG Xiaoping;HU Hui;SONG Zhanbin;TANG Zhangwen(College of Physical Education and Health Science,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;College of Kinesiology,Shanghai University of Sports,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学体育与健康科学学院,金华321004 [2]上海体育学院运动科学学院,上海200438

出　　处：《体育与科学》2020年第3期94-109,共16页Sports & Science

基　　金：2017年度教育部人文社会科学规划项目资助,项目号:17YJA890021。

摘　　要：WHO统计的数据显示,精神健康障碍已是全球威胁人类健康的主要慢性非传染性疾病之一。近年来,国际上针对人体精神健康非药物干预(身体锻炼、环境心理疗法)的研究不断深入,其中绿色、蓝色景观暴露与身体锻炼的交互与协同是最新的研究热点。交互作用是指绿色、蓝色景观有助于吸引人们参加户外活动,促进健康,同时又进一步接触了绿色和蓝色景观,改善精神健康。协同效应是指身体锻炼与绿、蓝色景观暴露联合改善精神健康的效果要优于单一的身体锻炼或绿、蓝色空间静态放松。因此,"绿色健身""蓝色健身"等概念开始兴起。本文从户外绿色、蓝色景观暴露与身体锻炼改善精神健康的具体路径,相关指标的适宜测量方法以及横断面、纵向追踪和干预研究的实证研究进展;身体锻炼与绿色、蓝色景观暴露改善人体精神健康的补偿机制、个体差异、适宜参数和效果衰退等协同效应进行深入阐述。这有助于为国内该研究领域系统介绍国际最新进展和理论框架梳理,推动国内该领域实证研究的发展,同时也可为城市规划、景观设计和公共健康政策的制定提供借鉴。WHO statistics show that mental health disorders are one of the major chronic non-communicable diseases threatening human health worldwide.In recent years,the international research on non-drug intervention of human mental health(physical exercise,environmental psychotherapy)has been deepening,among which the interaction and coordination of green and blue landscape exposure and physical exercise is the latest research hotspot.Interaction means that green and blue landscapes help attract people to participate in outdoor activities and promote health,while further exposure to green and blue landscapes to improve mental health.Compared with interaction,the progress of synergistic effect is slower.The reason may be that it is a typical interdisciplinary field.The related variables include sports health promotion,psychology,behavioral science,environmental science and planning and design.Therefore,from the specific path of outdoor green and blue landscape exposure and physical exercise to improve mental health,appropriate measurement methods of relevant indicators and empirical research progress of cross-sectional,longitudinal tracking and intervention research;compensation mechanism and individual poor of physical exercise and green and blue landscape exposure to improve human mental health The synergistic effects of difference,suitable parameters and effect decline are elaborated in depth.This will help to systematically introduce the latest international progress and theoretical framework in the field of domestic research,promote the development of empirical research in this field,and also provide reference for the formulation of public policy.

关 键 词：环境心理疗法 锻炼 抑郁 焦虑 压力 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]