参照生成词库理论对动名兼类现象再讨论  

The Verb-Noun Cross-Category Issue Revisited with Reference to the Generative Lexicon Theory

作　　者：俞士汶[1,2] 朱学锋[1,2] 刘扬[1,2] Yu Shiwen;Zhu Xuefeng;Liu Yang

机构地区：[1]北京大学计算语言学教育部重点实验室,北京100871 [2]北京大学计算语言学研究所,北京100871

出　　处：《辞书研究》2020年第4期1-8,I0001,共9页Lexicographical Studies

基　　金：中国国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号61772278);国家社科基金一般项目(项目编号16BYY137);国家社科基金重大项目(项目编号18ZDA295)的支持。

摘　　要：词的兼类问题及其处理策略是历久弥新的现代汉语词类研究中重要而又困难的课题之一。文章简要介绍汉语语法学界关于兼类的研究,然后参照生成词库理论,对其中最受关注的动名兼类现象再次进行讨论。根据陆俭明教授从汉语教学需要出发对兼类词下的定义,认识到字形和读音相同的动词与名词互为兼类词的条件是它们互为语义角色。文章还从语义层面论述了名动词不处理为动名兼类的合理性。文章在融合语法研究与语义研究方面是一个尝试,最后提出与兼类相关的一些语言学问题及语言工程任务。The cross-category issue and its treatment strategy have long been an important yet complicated issue in the research of parts of speech in contemporary Chinese.In this paper,we briefly introduce previous studies on cross-category words in the field of Chinese grammar and,with reference to the Generative Lexicon Theory,revisit the verb-noun cross-category issue,which has attracted the most attention.Based on Professor Lu Jianming s definition of the cross-category word for Chinese language teaching,we observe that a verb and a noun that share the same form and pronunciation can be treated as a cross-category word if they can play a semantic role for each other.Accordingly,we suggest that nominal verbs are not cross-category words,which is semantically justified.This paper is an attempt to integrate the syntactic and semantic perspectives into the discussion of cross-category words.It ends with several linguistic issues and language engineering tasks that are related to cross-category words in Chinese.

关 键 词：生成词库理论 兼类词 动名兼类 名动词 语义角色 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]