基于有限元计算的冷锻压力机组合机身的结构优化  

Structural optimization on combination body of cold forging press based on finite element calculation

作　　者：白玉冰[1] 侯佳欣 张志国 李江国 蒋鹏 Bai Yubing;Hou Jiaxin;Zhang Zhiguo;Li Jiangguo;Jiang Peng(Confederation of Chinese Metalforming Industry,Beijing 102206,China;Beijing Research Institute of Mechanical&Electrical Technology Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China;China International Engineering Consulting Corporation,Beijing 100048,China;Jiangsu CPTEK Servo Technology Co.,Ltd.,Li yang 213300,China;China Forging Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Nantong 212000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国锻压协会,北京102206 [2]北京机电研究所有限公司,北京100083 [3]中国国际工程咨询有限公司,北京100048 [4]江苏中兴西田数控科技有限公司,江苏澡阳213300 [5]中机锻压江苏股份有限公司,江苏南通212000

出　　处：《锻压技术》2020年第6期130-136,共7页Forging & Stamping Technology

摘　　要：以连杆式冷锻压力机的闭式组合机身为研究对象,将机身三维模型导入Workbench中建立有限元分析模型,进行静力学分析和模态计算,得到机身应力整体在160 MPa以下,机身挠度为0.36 mm,一阶频率为15.886 Hz,均满足使用要求。立柱Z向变形为0.32 mm,超过许用值0.2 mm,因此机身有优化的余量和必要。采用多目标优化的方法,以静力学分析为基础,定义机身不同板厚为设计变量,设置机身受到的应力、立柱Z向变形为约束条件,以机身重量为目标函数。对比3组不同计算结果得到的优化方案,选择方案1:机身重量由73828 kg变为66706 kg,机身重量减少9.6%,实现了机身的轻量化。对优化后的机身进行刚度计算和模态分析,得到机身挠度为0.35 mm,立柱Z向变形量为0.18 mm,一阶频率为15.688 Hz,可以满足实际使用要求。因此在压力机设计中,可以考虑减薄板厚,以实现在满足使用要求的前提下达到机身减重、降低制造成本的可能。For the closed combination body of connecting rod cold forging press,the finite element analysis model for static analysis and modal calculation was established by importing 3D model of body into Workbench,and the stress of press below 160 MPa,the deflection of 0.36 mm for press,and the first-order frequency of 15.886 Hz were obtained to meet the requirements of engineering.However,the Zdirection deformation of 0.32 mm for column exceeded the allowable value of 0.2 mm,so the press had the optimized allowance and necessity.Based on static analysis,the different thicknesses of press were designed as the define variables,the stress on the press and the Z-direction deformation of the column were set as the constraints,and the weight of press was taken as the objective function by the multiobjective optimization method.Then,the optimization schemes obtained from the three different results were compared,and the scheme one was selected.The calculation results show that the weight of press is changed from 73828 kg to 66706 kg,and the weight is reduced by 9.6%to realize the lightweight of press.Furthermore,the stiffness calculation and modal analysis of the optimized press show that the deflection of press is 0.35 mm,the Z-direction deformation of column is 0.18 mm,and the first-order frequency is 15.688 Hz,which meet the actual use requirements.Thus,in the design of press,the thickness of sheet is reduced to achieve the possibility of reducing the weight for press body and the manufacturing cost under the premise of meeting the requirements of use.

关 键 词：组合机身 静力学计算 模态计算 结构优化 轻量化 

分 类 号：TH17[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]