从合作到斗争:1956—1964年中国与民主德国的贸易关系  

From Cooperation to Struggle:Trade Relations between China and the GDR(1956-1964)

作　　者：葛君[1] Ge Jun

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学历史学系、周边国家研究院,200241

出　　处：《史林》2020年第2期171-181,95,222,共13页Historical Review

基　　金：2018年上海市哲学社会科学规划青年课题“冷战时期东、西德对华关系研究(1949-1989)”(项目号:2018EL002)阶段性成果;华东师范大学人文社会科学2017年度青年预研究项目“冷战时期东、西德对华关系研究(1949-1989)”(2017ECNU-YYJ004)资助。

摘　　要：中国与民主德国的贸易在1955年最终实现了基本平衡。在此之后,两国之间的经贸合作开始往更深入的方向发展。起初,在中国国内经济建设"反冒进"的基调下,1956年和1957年的中德贸易处于调整转型的阶段。随着1958年中国开始"大跃进"以及民主德国"七年计划"的制订,两国之间的贸易额急速攀升,双方于1960年1月签订了两国关系史上的第一份长期贸易协定。但随着中苏分歧的公开化以及中国国内经济遭遇困境,中德之间的贸易冲突变得尤为突出。中国自1962年下半年确定反帝反修的外交方针后,发展良好的贸易关系甚至成为中国对民主德国进行政治斗争的一种手段。After the import and export trade between China and the GDR finally reached a balance in 1955,the economic and trade cooperation between the two countries began to develop in a more in-depth direction.Under the tone of"anti-risk advancement"in China’s domestic economy,the Sino-GDR trade in 1956 and1957 was in the stage of adjustment and transformation.In 1958,the trade volume between the two countries increased rapidly,and a long-term trade agreement was signed in January 1960.However,as the differences between China and the Soviet Union became public and China’s domestic economy encountered difficulties,the trade conflict between the two countries became more prominent.And in the second half of 1962,after China established its foreign policy of anti-imperialism and anti-revisionism,the development of a better trade relations was even reduced to a means by which China waged a political struggle against the GDR.

关 键 词：中国 民主德国 贸易关系 政治斗争 

分 类 号：K271[历史地理—历史学]