“国民国家论”评介  

A Review on the Nation-state Theory

作　　者：王新生[1] Wang Xinsheng

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史学系

出　　处：《日本学刊》2020年第3期161-174,共14页Japanese Studies

摘　　要：西川长夫认为,法国大革命200周年标志着一个时代的结束,即革命时代的终结乃至国民国家时代的终结。由于法国大革命是近代国民国家的起点,因而应将今后研究的焦点对准国民国家。国民国家有五个特征:具有国民主权和国家主权、为整合国民需要强有力的意识形态、位于世界性的国民国家体系、矛盾性、模仿性等。批判“国民国家论”的最主要观点为“没有结果的讨论”,认为“国民国家论”过高评价国民国家的国民整合能力,但也激发了对少数人的历史、社会性别史、殖民地史的研究,并由此诞生了新的学科,出现了许多学术研究成果。Nishiguwa Nagao,a renowned Japanese scholar,argues that the 200th anniversary of the French Revolution marks an end of an era of revolution and national-state.Since the French Revolution was the starting point of the modern national-state,the future research should focus more on the national-state.As for the characteristics of the national-state theory,a national-state should have the five elements such as national sovereignty,state sovereignty,a strong ideology to unite and mobilize its people,its location in the international national-state system,the nature of contradiction and the nature of imitation.The criticism towards the nation-state theory is mainly represented by“the discussion without exit”,which argues that theory overestimates the capability of a nation-state in uniting its people together.However,the nation-state theory also inspires the studies on the histories of the minorities,gender and colonies,giving birth to some new subjects and research achievement.

关 键 词：西川长夫 国民国家论 战后历史学 国内殖民地 战争责任 

分 类 号：B313.4[哲学宗教—外国哲学]