明朝四夷馆的人才培养及其对MTI教育的启示  

The Translator Cultivation Mode of Siyi Guan in the Ming Dynasty and Its Revelations for MTI Education

作　　者：张慧玉[1] 俞晔娇 ZHANG Hui-yu;YU Ye-jiao

机构地区：[1]浙江大学外国语言文化与国际交流学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《上海翻译》2020年第3期80-84,F0004,共6页Shanghai Journal of Translators

基　　金：国家语委“十三五”科研规划项目“语言如何助力脱贫——基于语言经济学与资源基础观的实证研究”(编号:YB135-95);国家自然科学基金项目“创业要素匹配视角下创业话语的形成过程与作用机制研究”(编号:71872165);教育部人文社会科学研究基金项目“合法性视角下创业叙事的资源获取与绩效转化机制研究”(编号:18 YJC630241)。

摘　　要：四夷馆作为中国历史上第一个真正意义上专职翻译人才培养及管理的机构,对后世翻译机构、翻译政策的发展影响深远,部分做法值得当今借鉴。本文首先简要介绍四夷馆的成立背景及发展变迁,进而重点审视其人才培养模式,并以此为基础从生源选拔、培养方案、教学组织、考核制度等方面剖析其部分做法对当今MTI教育的启示,认为当下MTI项目应当重视生源质量与方向细分、完善课程设置、整合实习实践资源、引入行业精英资源弥补师资短板,并联合政府部门及行业协会推动行业标准、资质考试的发展与完善,以确保翻译人才质量,推动MTI教育与行业及市场的对接,更好地服务国家发展战略。As the first institution to cultivate translation specialists in the history of China,Siyi Guan has a profound influence on the development of ensuing translation agencies and translation policies. This paper first briefly introduces its background and development,and then focuses on its translator cultivation mode. Then some revelations of the mode for today’s MTI education are presented in terms of student selection,program design,teaching activities and evaluation system. Specifically,the paper stresses that MTI education should pay great attention to selecting qualified students,orientating them to specific translation fields,improving program and curriculum design,and making use of external resources like industrial advisors and internship opportunities. Government departments and industry associations should play their roles in the effort.

关 键 词：四夷馆 MTI教育 翻译人才培养 语言服务行业 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]