经典名方地黄饮子的古代文献考究  

Ancient Literatures of Classical Famous Prescription Dihuang Yinzi

作　　者：张秀芬 王思梦 白建英 刘桂香 范瑞菊 李付平 ZHANG Xiu-fen;WANG Si-meng;BAI Jian-ying;LIU Gui-xiang;FAN Rui-ju;LI Fu-ping(School of Nursing,Graduate School,Library,Hebei University of Chinese Medicine,Shijiazhuang 050200,China)

机构地区：[1]河北中医学院护理学院,研究生学院,图书馆,石家庄050200

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2020年第14期59-64,共6页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(H2015423040);河北省中医药管理局科研计划项目(2015004)。

摘　　要：经典名方地黄饮子现代临床应用广泛,治疗多科疾病,尤其是内科病中的神经系统疾病较多,临床疗效确切,但目前尚未转化成中成药制剂。故笔者采用文献计量学的方法,搜集记载地黄饮子的中医古籍文献,筛选、整理出有效数据254条,涉及中医古籍144部,系统梳理和分析研究了地黄饮子的历史发展源流、主治病证、制方原理、用药剂量、制剂方法、煎服方法等,以期为经典名方的研发和临床应用提供古代文献证据支持。研究发现,地黄饮子出自金代医家刘河间所著《宣明论方》,由熟地黄、巴戟天、山茱萸、肉苁蓉、石斛、附子、五味子、官桂、白茯苓、麦门冬、藏菖蒲、远志12味药物组成,主治喑痱。后世记载的地黄饮子多遵从《宣明论方》中的方剂组成和主治,且临床应用有所扩展,在有主治病证记载的199条文献中,喑痱最多,约占总病证的一半;其次为中风,约占五分之二;亦用于暴喑、痿证、眩晕、遗尿等病证。地黄饮子治疗病证范围较广,但病机总属"肾中水火俱亏"。其制方独特,上下并治,标本兼顾,尤以治下治本为主。在有药物用量记载的56条文献中,约有三分之一继承了《宣明论方》的记载:"等分,上为末,每服3钱。"药物用量总体偏轻。制剂多为汤剂、煮散,在煎服方法上主张"浊药轻投""数滚即服""不计时候"。Classical famous prescription Dihuang Yinzi is widely used in modern clinical practice,and can treat many kinds of diseases,especially the diseases of nervous system in internal medicine.Its clinical effect is accurate,but it has not been converted into Chinese patent medicine preparations.Therefore,the authors have collected ancient traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)literatures of Dihuang Yinzi by the methods of bibliometrics,and selected and sorted out 254 pieces of effective data,involving 144 ancient books of TCM,and systematically summarized and analyzed the historical development origin,main treatment syndrome,formula making principle,dosage,preparation method,decoction method and medicine taking method of Dihuang Yinzi,in order to provide the ancient literary evidence support for the development and clinical application of classic famous prescriptions.It is found that Dihuang Yinzi was from Xuanming Lunfang written by LIU He-jian,a doctor of Jin dynasty.It was composed of 12 kinds of herbs,namely Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata,Morindae Officinalis Radix,Corni Fructus,Cistanches Herba,Dendrobii Caulis,Aconm Lateralis Radix Praeparaia,Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus,Cinnamomi Ramulus,Poria,maimendong,Acori Calami Rhizoma and Polygalae Radix,and mainly used for the treatment of Yinfei.The later records of Dihuang Yinzi mostly followed the prescription composition and main treatment set forth in Xuanming Lunfang,and its clinical application was expanded.In the 199 articles with the indications for disease treatment,Yinfei was the most commonest indication,and took up about half of the total,which was followed by stroke,taking up about two fifths of the total.It was also used for the treatment of sudden aphonia,flaccidity syndrome,vertigo,enuresis.Dihuang Yinzi has a wide range of treatment,but the pathogenes is always belongs to"the deficiency of water and fire in the kidney".The recipe of Dihuang Yinzi was unique,and can be used to treat both the upper and lower parts of the body,as well as both the outward symptom

关 键 词：经典名方 地黄饮子 中医古籍 文献考证 主治病证 药物剂量 《宣明论方》 

分 类 号：R285[医药卫生—中药学] R289[医药卫生—中医学]