轮作模式对马铃薯干物质积累、库活性及产量构成因素的影响  

Effects of rotation mode on dry matter accumulating,reservoir activity and yield components in potato

作　　者：张海斌 蒙美莲[1] 陈有君[3] 叶君 邵盈[4] 张婷婷 刘坤雨 ZHANG Haibin;MENG Meilian;CHEN Youjun;YE Jun;SHAO Ying;ZHANG Tingting;LIU Kunyu(College of Agriculture,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019,China;Institute of Crop Breeding and Cultivation,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China;College of Life Sciences,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010011,China;College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010011,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院作物育种与栽培研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [3]内蒙古农业大学生命科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010011 [4]内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010011

出　　处：《北方农业学报》2020年第2期1-7,共7页Journal of Northern Agriculture

基　　金：国家马铃薯现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-09-P10)。

摘　　要：【目的】根据内蒙古阴山北麓地区农业种植结构实际,探索不同轮作模式对马铃薯干物质积累、库活性及产量构成因素的影响,为减少马铃薯连作障碍、遴选适宜的轮作模式提供理论依据。【方法】试验设置4个处理,分别为绿肥作物春翻—绿肥作物夏翻—马铃薯、绿肥作物春翻—绿肥作物春翻—马铃薯、向日葵—向日葵—马铃薯、燕麦—向日葵—马铃薯,代码分别为LCLXM、LCLCM、XXM、YXM,对比分析不同轮作模式对马铃薯干物质积累、库活性及产量构成因素的影响。【结果】马铃薯各器官干物质积累速率、块茎最大干物质积累速率、干物质平均积累速率、干物质快速积累期持续时间均表现为LCLXM>LCLCM>YXM>XXM;马铃薯库活性则表现为LCLXM>LCLCM=YXM>XXM;LCLXM处理的马铃薯产量分别较YXM和XXM处理增加了10.54%和15.46%,LCLCM处理较XXM处理增加了12.20%,YXM处理的马铃薯干物质积累、库活性和产量均居中。【结论】综合考虑干物质积累、库活性和产量等各方面性状认为,适合内蒙古阴山北麓地区马铃薯种植的轮作模式为绿肥作物春翻—绿肥作物夏翻—马铃薯、绿肥作物春翻—绿肥作物春翻—马铃薯和燕麦—向日葵—马铃薯3种轮作模式。【Objective】To explore the effects of potato different rotation patterns on dry matter accumulating,reservoir activity and provide a theoretical basis based on the actual agricultural planting structure in the northern foothills of Yinshan Mountain,Inner Mongolia.【Methods】The effects of different rotation patterns on potato dry matter accumulation and reservoir activity were analyzed in 4 treatments of green manure spring turn-green manure summer turn-potato(LCLXM),green manure spring turn-green manure spring turn-potato(LCLCM),sunflower-sunflower-potato(XXM),oat-sunflower-potato(YXM).【Results】The results showed that the dry matter accumulation rate of potato organs,the maximum dry matter accumulation rate of tubers,the average dry matter accumulation rate and the duration of the rapid dry matter accumulation period were all shown as LCLXM>LCLCM>YXM>XXM;potato reservoir activity shown as LCLXM>LCLCM=YXM>XXM;the output of LCLXM was significantly increased by 10.54%and 15.46%compared with YXM and XXM,respectively,and the output of LCLCM was significantly increased by 12.20%compared with the output of XXM,and YXM was in the middle for the dry matter accumulation,reservoir activity,and yield.【Conclusion】The suitable rotation patterns for potato cultivation in the northern foothills of Yinshan,Inner Mongolia,were green manure spring turn-green manure summer turn-potato,green manure spring turn-green manure spring turn-potato and oat-sunflower-potato rotation by considering the dry matter accumulation,reservoir activity and yield in potato.

关 键 词：轮作模式 马铃薯 干物质 库活性 产量构成因素 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]