周陵贺家战国秦墓出土紫色八棱柱的科学检测  

Scientific analysis of a purple octagonal column unearthed from a Qin tomb at Hejia Village of Zhouling Town

作　　者：王奕舒 凌雪 许卫红 耿庆刚 杨露雅 孙凤[1] 周嘉藤 周宏[3] WANG Yishu;LING Xue;XU Weihong;GENG Qinggang;YANG Luya;SUN Feng;ZHOU Jiateng;ZHOU Hong(Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Protection Technology (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710069, China;Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology, Xi’an 710043, China;Middle School affiliated to Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China)

机构地区：[1]文化遗产研究与保护技术教育部重点实验室(西北大学),陕西西安710069 [2]陕西省考古研究院,陕西西安710043 [3]西北大学附属中学,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2020年第3期28-37,共10页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：陕西省教育厅产业化培育项目资助(15JF006);西北大学科研启动基金资助。

摘　　要：目前,对我国出土的紫色八棱柱形文物的研究内容主要集中在材质和制作工艺上,对其形制来源、功能用途等方面的系统论述相对较少。为探究周陵贺家战国秦墓出土的一件紫色八棱柱器物的表面特征、颗粒形态、材质成分、制作工艺等信息,利用超景深三维视频显微系统、偏光显微镜、X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、激光拉曼光谱仪(Raman)等分析方法进行了检测。并在此基础上对八棱柱形制的来源与演变、材质的来源、功能用途等方面进行初步推测,结果表明该紫色八棱柱微观形态为紫色和黄色晶体颗粒夹杂分布,主要成分为中国紫(硅酸铜钡),推测为二到三次烧制而成。通过文献查阅及梳理,推测八棱柱的形制受中国本土道家文化的影响较大,其主要功能为口含或窍塞。本工作对于我国出土紫色八棱柱的系统研究具有重要的借鉴意义。At present,research on purple octagonal column-shaped cultural relics unearthed in China is mainly concentrated on materials and production processes,and there are relatively fewer systematic discussions of their sources and functions.In our work,we used ultra-depth 3D video microscopy,polarized light microscopy,X-ray fluorescence spectrometry(XRF),X-ray diffractometry(XRD),laser Raman spectrometry and other analytical methods,to explore the surface characteristics,particle shape,material composition,production process and other information of a purple octagonal column artifact unearthed from a Qin tomb of the Warring States Period at Hejia Village of Zhouling Town.Based on our results,we discuss the possible source and evolution of the octagonal prism shape,the source of the materials,functional uses,etc.The results show that the purple octagonal prism has a microscopic morphology of purple and yellow crystal particles,and the main component is Chinese purple(copper barium silicate),which is presumed to have been fired twice to three times.Based on thorough literature review,it is speculated that the shape of the octagonal prism was greatly influenced by the native Chinese Taoist culture,and its main function is oral or congested.This work represents a significant reference for the systematic study of purple octagonal prisms unearthed in China.

关 键 词：周陵贺家秦墓 紫色八棱柱 硅酸铜钡 

分 类 号：K878.9[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]