基于SSR标记的古茶树(Camellia sinensis)遗传关系分析  

Analysis of Genetic Relationship of Ancient Camellia sinensis Based on SSR Markers

作　　者：周长品[1] 甘四明[1] 李发根[1] 翁启杰[1] 张照远[2] 马锦林[2] Zhou Changpin;Gan Siming;Li Fagen;Weng Qiie;Zhang Zhaoyuan;Ma Jinlin(Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Rescarch,Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou,510520;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Nonwood Forest Cultivation and Utilization,Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Nanning,530002)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,热带林业研究国家林业局重点实验室,广州510520 [2]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院,广西特色经济林培育与利用重点实验室,南宁530002

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2020年第13期4361-4367,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：广西科技重大专项(桂科AA17204058-01);广西人才项目“广西主要用材林资源高效培育与利用人才小高地”专项(桂财社函〔2018〕112号)共同资助。

摘　　要：本研究利用30个SSR标记,结合已有的128个茶树品种指纹,对福建省园岭林场的4株古茶树和1株铁观音进行了遗传关系分析。结果表明,30个SSR标记共产生了124个等位片段,每个标记的等位片段数1~9个;多态性信息量较高,平均为0.507。遗传聚类分析表明,铁观音品种‘Tieguanyin2’与Fujian组的‘Tieguanyin’、‘Jinmudan’、‘Mingke1’和‘Zimudan’等遗传距离较近,属于铁观音品种。4株古茶树(YL01,YL02,YL03和YL04)间遗传距离较近,属于Fujian组,推测为八仙茶古茶树品种。本研究的5株茶树与已知的128个茶树品种间没有直接的亲子关系。YL02、YL03和YL04聚类较近,不匹配位点数较少,可能来源于共同的亲本。DNA分子指纹检测表明,8对核心SSR标记可对所有参试茶树进行有效的鉴别,这为古茶树的品种鉴定和产权保护提供了有效的分子证据。In the present study,we used 30 SSR markers and 128 tea clonal cultivar fingerprints to analyze the genetic relationship of four putatively ancient tea trees and one Tieguanyin cultivar from Yuanling National Forest Farm,Fujian Province.The results showed that a total of 124 polymorphic alleles were detected among 30 SSR markers,the number of polymorphic alleles per marker ranged from one to nine,and the general polymorphism was high with an average polymorphic information content of 0.507.In the phylogeny diagram based on the Nei’s genetic distance between tea tree samples,all the five tested tea trees fell into the Fujian group.The Tieguanyin cultivar(’Tieguanyin2’)had a close relationship with’Tieguanyin’,’Jinmudan’,’Mingke1’and’Zimudan’clonal cultivars,indicating that’Tieguanyin2’was one of the Tieguanyin tea cultivars.The four ancient tea trees(YL01,YL02,YL03 and YL04)had a close genetic relationship with Baxiancha,suggesting their subordination to the Baxiancha taxon.Parentage analysis among the five tested tea trees plus the 128 clonal tea cultivars revealed that they didn’t have parent-offspring relationship.YL02,YL03 and YL04 can be clustered closely in a sub-group with few mismatching loci,suggesting possible origin from a common parent.The DNA fingerprinting experiment indicated that eight core SSR markers can effectively identify all the tested tea cultivars,thus providing reliable molecular evidences on which tea cultivar identification and property right protection can rely.

关 键 词：茶树(Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Kuntze) SSR标记 遗传关系 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]