降解脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇直投菌剂发酵制备工艺研究及初步应用  

Research of fermentation preparation technology and preliminary application for Deoxynivalenol-degrading direct inoculated microbial inoculum

作　　者：杜稳 常晓娇 赵一凡 管玉龙 孙长坡 刘虎军 DU Wen;CHANG Xiao-jiao;ZHAO Yi-fan;GUAN Yu-long;SUN Chang-po;LIU Hu-jun(Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration,Beijing 100037,China;Anhui Gujing gongjiu Co.,Ltd.,Bozhou,Anhui 236800,China)

机构地区：[1]国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院,北京100037 [2]安徽古井贡股份有限公司,安徽省亳州236800

出　　处：《粮油食品科技》2020年第4期152-158,共7页Science and Technology of Cereals,Oils and Foods

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1604234);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(ZX1903-4)。

摘　　要：脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)是镰刀菌的次级代谢产物,危害粮食及饲料产业。在5L-四联发酵罐中,对一株可以高效降解DON的枯草芽孢杆菌ASAG-35进行发酵,研究pH、温度、补料碳源以及发酵时间等工艺参数,以提高枯草芽孢杆菌的产芽孢能力。最佳发酵工艺条件为:pH控制在7.5,温度分阶段控制,发酵前12 h控制温度37℃,12 h后提高温度到39℃直至发酵结束,在发酵第12 h一次性补加10 g/L的糖蜜,30 h后终止发酵;在最优条件下,芽孢数可达到2.9×10^10 CFU/mL,芽孢率可达到96.7%。进一步将该发酵液制成直投菌剂并初步应用于粮食加工副产物中DON的脱除,当复合物料培养基中干物质含量≤30%,菌剂接入量≥0.1%时,菌剂发酵可有效脱除粮食副产物中的DON毒素,最高降解率为98.8%。Deoxynivalenol(DON),as a secondary metabolite of some fusarium species,has been harmful to the food and feed industry.To improve spore-producing ability of Bacillus subtilis,the fermentation pH,temperature,supplemental carbon source and duration of Bacillus subtilis that efficiently degraded DON were studied in 5L-quadruple fermenters.The best fermentation conditions were determined,the fermentation pH was controlled at 7.5 and the temperature was controlled by stages,kept at 37℃for first 12 hours,then raised to 39℃until the end;10 g/L molasses was added once at the 12th hour,then the fermentation was terminated at the 30th hour.Under the optimal conditions,the number of spores could reach 2.9×10^10 CFU/mL and the spores’rate could reach 96.7%.The fermentation liquid were further prepared into direct inoculated microbial inoculum and applied to remove DON from grain processing by-products;Under the condition that dry matter content in the composite material culture medium was not more than 30%,and the inoculation amount of the bacterium preparation was more than 0.1%,DON in the grain by-products could be effectively removed by fermentation and the highest degradation rate could reach 98.8%.

关 键 词：脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇 枯草芽孢杆菌 发酵调节优化 芽孢率 粮食副产物中DON脱毒 

分 类 号：Q815[生物学—生物工程] TS210.9[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]