口罩困局与公共卫生产品生产运营模式创新  

Mask dilemma and innovation for production and operation mode of public health products

作　　者：蒋雨思[1] 李垣 赵亚普[2] Jiang Yusi;Li Yuan;Zhao Yapu(Antai College of Economics and Management,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200030,China;School of Economics and Management,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学安泰经济与管理学院,上海200030 [2]同济大学经济与管理学院,上海200092

出　　处：《科研管理》2020年第6期37-46,共10页Science Research Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目:“运营与创新管理”(71421002,2015.01-2020.12)。

摘　　要：新型冠状病毒肺炎爆发以来口罩的极度短缺暴露出当前公共卫生产品生产运营模式存在着很大的不足。本文以口罩产业链为切入点探讨如何通过公共卫生产品生产运营模式的创新来应对这些挑战。基于价值网络理论,本文从价值要求、产品特性、生产方式和主体关系这四个关键要素构建了理论框架,分析了平时和战时相分离的口罩生产运营模式,指出了当前模式存在的问题,进而提出平战结合的新模式。新模式从产品特性上,通过创新将不同种类产品进行整合,在生产方式上,发展大规模生产定制,在主体关系上,建立市场、政府和民众三方互为一体的协同互动,以应对不同时期的价值要求。在此基础上,我们提出了新旧模式的转换路径和政策建议。Since the outbreak of COVID 19,the demand for public health products including masks has surged and led to the serious imbalance between supply and demand.Facing the situation of"mask shortage",the society pays much attention to how to strengthen the coordination of the whole mask industry chain under the regulation and deployment of the government to ensure the rapid recovery of production and the expansion of production capacity.However,the extreme shortage of masks and passive responses all over the industry have exposed the deficiencies in the current mode of production and operation of masks that have not been paid enough attention to.To solve this problem,based on the value network theory,this paper constructs a theoretical framework of production and operation mode of public health products and discusses its basic elements,analyzes the limitations of the existing mode,and proposes a new mode of combining routine and emergency.With the increase of environmental uncertainty and fierce competition,the value chain relationships between different enterprises have evolved from traditional value chain which focuses on the transfer of value activities from upstream enterprises to downstream enterprises into the relationships of value network.The value network theory emphasizes the interaction of multiple subjects to respond to the value requirements and realizes the value creation through the innovation of products and production methods,so it can provide beneficial guidance for the production and operation mode of public health products.We first elaborate the characteristics of the four basic elements of production and operation mode based on value network theory—product characteristics,production mode,subject relationship and value requirements and analyze their limitations in meeting the demand under emergency.In terms of value requirements,enterprises usually have to meet the demand of market supply and government reserve,but they will be requisitioned by the government in emergency to accelerate targeted pr

关 键 词：生产运营模式 创新 价值网络 平战结合 转换路径 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理]