经颅超声在帕金森病临床诊断中的研究进展  

Research progress of transcranial ultrasound in the clinical diagnosis of Parkinson′s disease

作　　者：曹双双[1] 王建伟[1] 王展[2,3] 马惠姿 冯涛[2,3,4] CAO Shuangshuang;WANG Jianwei;WANG Zhan;MA Huizi;FENG Tao(Department of Neurology,Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang,Shandong Province,Qingzhou 262500,China;Department of Motion Disorders,Center for Neurodegenerative Disease,Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100070,China;China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Disease,Beijing 100050,China;Parkinson′s Disease Center,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorder,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省潍坊市益都中心医院神经内科,山东青州262500 [2]首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经病学中心运动障碍性疾病科,北京100070 [3]国家神经系统疾病临床医学研究中心,北京100050 [4]北京脑重大疾病研究院帕金森病研究所,北京100050

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2020年第18期53-56,共4页China Medical Herald

基　　金：山东省潍坊市卫生健康委科研项目(wfwsjk_2019_047)。

摘　　要：近二十多年来,经颅超声(TCS)检查越来越多地用于运动障碍性疾病的诊断及鉴别诊断。与其他影像学检查手段(如CT、MRI、PET)比较,TCS设备相对便宜、操作便捷、检查无创,值得推广。但TCS检查结果受多种因素影响,如受检者颞窗显示情况、黑质表现差异、检查者经验等因素,故检查结果的有效性存在争议。由于帕金森病的临床异质性较大,诊断帕金森病需结合临床表现及多种辅助检查。TCS检查可作为一种影像学标志物为帕金森病诊断提供辅助证据。本文详细描述了经颅黑质超声的检查方法、判定标准及可能机制,总结分析TCS在帕金森病的诊断、鉴别诊断及高危人群监测方面的价值,指出其局限性及改进方向,为今后更好地应用TCS检查提供帮助。In the past two decades,transcranial ultrasound(TCS)examination has been used more and more in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of movement disorders.Compared with other imaging inspection methods,such as computed tomography,as well as magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography,TCS is worthy of promotion with the advantages of lower cost,more convenient and non-invasive operation.However,the results of TCS examination are affected by many factors,such as the patient′s temporal window display,the difference in the performance of the substantia nigra,the examiner′s experience and other factors,so the validity of the examination results is controversial.Due to the great clinical heterogeneity of Parkinson′s disease,the diagnosis of Parkinson′s disease requires a combination of clinical manifestations and multiple auxiliary examinations.Transcranial ultrasound can be used as an imaging marker to provide supporting evidence for the diagnosis of Parkinson′s disease.This paper describes the examination methods,determination criteria and possible mechanisms of transcranial substantia nigra in details.Furthermore,we have summarized and analyzed the value of TCS in the diagnosis,differential diagnosis and monitoring of high-risk populations in Parkinson′s disease,and pointed out its limitations with improving direction to help the better application in the further.

关 键 词：经颅超声 帕金森病 临床价值 局限性 改进方向 

分 类 号：R742.5[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]