美国辩诉交易程序被害人权利保障制度及其启示--以三起联邦典型辩诉交易案件为视角  

The Right System of Victims in American Plea Bargaining Procedure and its Enlightenment--On the perspective of three cases in the federal judicial process

作　　者：李建东 Li Jiandong(Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学,重庆401120

出　　处：《河南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第4期51-61,共11页Journal of Henan Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：西南政法大学大学生科研创新项目(2018XZXS-015);河南警察学院2018年度重点项目(HNJY-2018-ZD-06)。

摘　　要：美国辩诉交易程序中被害人享有知情权、协商权以及获得司法救济的权利。尽管在立法上被害人权利规定已经比较完善,但辩诉交易实践表明,被害人权利仍易于遭受检方侵害,司法救济程序能够一定程度上保障被害人权利的最终实现,但也存在救济不力的情形,法官有时也缺乏启动救济程序的动力。美国辩诉交易程序中被害人权利保障的制度与实践对于我国认罪认罚从宽制度既有有益的启示,也有可引为鉴戒之处。应当完善认罪认罚从宽制度被害人权利保障的制度规范,赋予被害人知情权,为增强被害人意见的刚性,宜赋予其量刑建议权,同时建构被害人获得司法救济的程序机制。In the American plea bargaining process,the victim has the right to know,the right to negotiate and the right to judicial relief.Although the provisions on the victim's rights in legislation have been relatively perfect,the practice of plea bargaining shows that the victim's rights are still vulnerable to the prosecution.Judicial relief procedure can protect the realization of victims'rights to a certain extent,but there are also cases of ineffective relief,and judges sometimes lack the motivation to start relief procedures.The system and practice of the protection of the rights of the victims in the American plea bargaining procedure not only have beneficial enlightenment to the lenient system of pleading guilty and punishment in our country,but also draw lessons from it.We should improve the system and norms of the protection of the rights of the victims in the lenient system of pleading guilty and punishment,and give the victims the right to know.In order to enhance the rigidity of the opinions of the victims,we should give them the right of sentencing suggestions and construct the procedural mechanism for the victims to obtain judicial relief.

关 键 词：辩诉交易 被害人权利 认罪认罚从宽制度 启示 

分 类 号：D915.18[政治法律—诉讼法学]