中国英语初学者写作词汇丰富性的发展特征研究  

On Developmental Features of Lexical Richness in EFL Writings by Chinese Beginner Learners of English

作　　者：张会平[1] ZHANG Huiping(School of Foreign Language,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学外国语学院,吉林省长春市130024

出　　处：《现代外语》2020年第4期529-540,共12页Modern Foreign Languages

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“基于使用的英语初学者口笔语发展现状及规律研究”(14CYY017)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本研究基于语言接触量假说,从词汇复杂度、词汇变化度、词汇密度和词汇偏误率四个维度,分析英语初学者写作词汇丰富性的发展特征。研究发现:1)初学者写作词汇复杂度总体水平较低,但随学龄增长而逐年提高,先慢后快;2)词汇多样性变换能力较弱,但随年级升高而逐年显著提升,且不同年级词汇选择的倾向性不同;3)词汇密度水平偏低,但随学龄增长而不断提高,先快后慢,且逐渐变换使用不同词类的实词;4)词汇拼写偏误率逐年降低,先快后缓,高频词拼写越来越准确,低频词则较为困难。总体而言,初学者词汇综合运用能力较弱,词汇丰富性较差,但随年级升高而不断提高,各维度发展不均衡。最后基于研究发现,本文提出了几点词汇教学建议。This study examines the developmental features of lexical richness from four dimensions,i.e.,lexical complexity,lexical variation,lexical density and lexical errors,by analyzing the EFL writings by Chinese beginner learners of English(CBLE)from the perspective of Language Exposure Hypothesis.Results show that(1)lexical complexity in the writings is generally low,but it has been increasing year by year,more slowly at the beginning than at the end;(2)lexical variation is comparatively low,but it improves significantly year by year,with students from different grades having different focus in choosing words;(3)lexical density is comparatively low,but it has been increasing year by year,faster at the beginning than at the end,with content words of different types of part of speech being gradually used;and(4)lexical errors decrease gradually,faster at the beginning than at the end,with the spelling of high frequency words being increasingly more accurate and that of low frequency words remaining comparatively difficult for CBLE.Generally speaking,lexical richness in the EFL writings by CBLE is comparatively low and improves gradually with the increase of school age,but its four dimensions in question develop in an unbalanced way.Drawing on the findings,some suggestions on lexical teaching are also made.

关 键 词：词汇丰富性 发展特征 英语初学者 语言接触量假说 

分 类 号：H315[语言文字—英语]