基于GEMS模型的高铁违章违纪事故人为因素研究  

Study on Human Factors in High Speed Railway Violation Accidents Based on GEMS Model

作　　者：胥红敏 郭湛 赵林 XU Hongmin;GUO Zhan;ZHAO Lin(Railway Science&Technology Research&Development Center,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Railway Safety Research Center,China State Railway Group Co Ltd,Beijing 100081,China;Safety Administration,China State Railway Group Co Ltd,Beijing 100884,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道科学技术研究发展中心,北京100081 [2]中国国家铁路集团有限公司铁路安全研究中心,北京100081 [3]中国国家铁路集团有限公司安全监督管理局,北京100844

出　　处：《中国铁路》2020年第7期49-53,共5页China Railway

基　　金：中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(2019YJ168,2017YJ136);中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划项目(P2018Z001)。

摘　　要：为探究高铁行车安全关键工种作业过程中,不安全行为发生的深层次原因并有效预防和控制这些行为,在改进传统通用失误模型系统(GEMS)的基础上,选择动车组司机和动车组机械师2个典型工种,收集这2个工种经常发生的违章违纪事故资料,将事故原因从人的角度进行分层次分析研究。研究结果为高铁管理者加强安全管理提供参考,为高铁运行作业一线职工提供主动安全防范的建议,以便更好地进行高铁运营安全管理。On the basis of improving the conventional model of generic error modeling system(GEMS),the paper selected two typical types of occupation,namely EMU driver and mechanician,collected the information of violations which frequently occur to the two types of occupation,and conducted multi-level analysis and study on the accident causes from the perspective of human factors,to explore deep causes for unsafe behaviors in the operation process of the types of work essential for safe operation of the high speed railways.The research results can be used as reference for the HSR management personnel in strengthening safety management.They also serve as suggestions on active safety precautions for the HSR operation staff for an improved safety management in HSR operation.

关 键 词：高速铁路 违章违纪 人为因素 事故原因 GEMS模型 

分 类 号：U271.91[机械工程—车辆工程] X951[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]