多区域地铁车厢火灾烟气蔓延特性的数值仿真研究  

Study on smoke spread characteristics of fires in multi-areas of subway compartment by numerical simulation

作　　者：陈斯 苏钊颐 陶涛 周昕怡 张永[2] CHEN Si;SU Zhaoyi;TAO Tao;ZHOU Xinyi;ZHANG Yong(Operation Headquarters,Guangzhou Metro Group Co.Ltd.,Guangzhou 510335,China;School of Automation,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 200094,China)

机构地区：[1]广州地铁集团有限公司运营事业部,广州510335 [2]南京理工大学自动化学院,南京210094

出　　处：《铁路计算机应用》2020年第7期5-10,共6页Railway Computer Application

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFB1200404)。

摘　　要：提出火灾时人员疏散评价指标–可用安全疏散时间,利用火灾动态模拟器(FDS)软件建立广州地铁3号线B型车前3节车厢全尺寸比例火灾仿真模型,对仿真结果进行烟气蔓延特性分析。根据实验单一变量原则,在车厢不同区域设置3类典型火源,对比其烟气蔓延特性,求解可用安全疏散时间。仿真结果表明,不同区域的火源燃烧对于静止地铁车厢的烟气蔓延特性有一定影响,相同火源功率条件下地铁车厢中部发生火灾的危险性比车厢端部发生火灾的危险性大。The personnel evacuation evaluation index of available safe evacuation time was proposed for evaluating the risk of a fire and a full-size fire simulation model for the first three compartments of the B-type train in Guangzhou Metro Line 3 was established with the fire smoke simulation software FDS and the smoke spread characteristics of the simulation results were analyzed.Three typical types of fire sources in train compartments are set according to the principle of single variable.The simulations under the three typical fire conditions were performed and their smoke spread characteristics were analyzed and compared to calculate the available safe evacuation time.The simulation results show that the combustion of fire sources in different areas has a certain effect on the smoke spread characteristics of stationary subway train compartments and the risk of the fire in the middle of a compartment is greater than that of the fire at the ends of a compartment in the condition of same power fire source.

关 键 词：地铁车厢 火灾 烟气蔓延特性 人员疏散 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U231.96[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] TP39[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]