孕哺期PM2.5和高脂饮食联合暴露对大鼠仔鼠血压、血脂、血糖的影响  

Effects of co-exposure to PM2.5 and high-fat diet during pregnancy and nursing on blood pressure, blood lipid and blood glucose in rats’offspring

作　　者：刘肖 王新茹 卞晶晶 刘超 曹福源 曹娃 吴燕芳 尹晋 李爽 佟俊旺 蒋守芳 LIU Xiao;WANG Xin-ru;BIAN Jing-jing;LIU Chao;CAO Fu-yuan;CAO Wa;WU Yan-fang;YIN Jin;LI Shuang;TONG Jun-wang;JIANG Shou-fang(School of Public Health,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan,Hebei 63210,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学公共卫生学院 [2]华北理工大学实验动物中心,河北唐山063210

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第13期2346-2350,2355,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：华北理工大学研究生创新项目(2018S12)。

摘　　要：目的探讨孕哺期细颗粒物(fine particulate matter,PM2.5)和高脂饮食(high fat diet,HFD)联合暴露对大鼠仔鼠血压、血脂、空腹血糖的影响,观察生命早期同时暴露PM2.5和HFD对子代发育的影响。方法成年SD大鼠按照雌雄2∶1进行交配,孕鼠随机分为对照组(CC组)、高脂饮食组(HFD组)、PM2.5低暴露组(L-PM2.5组)、PM2.5高暴露组(H-PM2.5组)、高脂饮食+PM2.5低暴露组(HFD+L-PM2.5组)和高脂饮食+PM2.5高暴露组(HFD+H-PM2.5组)。对照组和PM2.5低、高暴露组给予普通饲料,其余给予高脂饲料。PM2.5染毒采用细颗粒物在线浓缩和动物染毒系统,低、高暴露剂量分别设为室外大气PM2.5浓度的2倍和4倍。母鼠从孕0日开始染毒,每天5 h,每周5 d,直至仔鼠出生后第21 d(Postnatal day,PND21),记录仔鼠体长和尾长,测量仔鼠的血压、心率,检测空腹血糖、血清甘油三酯、胆固醇水平。结果 PND21雄鼠HFD组、HFD+L-PM2.5组、HFD+H-PM2.5组体长较CC组增加,PND21雌鼠HFD+L-PM2.5组尾长较L-PM2.5组增加(P<0.05)。析因分析显示,PM2.5(F=3.492,P<0.05)和HFD(F=4.346,P<0.05)均使雌鼠收缩压升高,二者不存在交互作用(P>0.05);HFD使雄鼠收缩压(F=9.259)、舒张压(F=5.981)、平均动脉压(F=7.754)升高(P均<0.05),HFD+H-PM2.5组雄鼠收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压均高于CC组(P<0.05),PM2.5和HFD不存在交互作用(P>0.05)。PM2.5、HFD使雌鼠(F值分别为13.346,32.277,P均<0.05)、雄鼠血清甘油三酯(F值分别为5.723,10.360,P均<0.05)均升高,HFD+H-PM2.5组雌雄仔鼠甘油三酯含量均高于CC组,两者对雌鼠的血清甘油三酯含量存在协同作用(F=8.651,P<0.05),对雄鼠不存在交互作用(P>0.05)。各组仔鼠空腹血糖水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 PM2.5和HFD联合暴露能引起PND21仔鼠血压、血脂升高,二者对血压的影响不存在交互作用,对雌性仔鼠血脂的影响存在协同作用。PM2.5和HFD对血压的影响存在性别差异。Objective To explore the effect of fine particulate matter(PM2.5) and high fat diet(HFD) during pregnancy and lactation period on blood pressure, blood lipid, and fasting blood glucose in rats offspring, and to observe the interaction effect of maternal co-exposure to PM2.5 and HFD on growth of rats’ offspring in early life.Methods Adult SD rats mated with a female to male ratio of 2:1. Pregnant rats were randomly divided into six groups: control group(CC group), high fat diet group(HFD group), low PM2.5 group(L-PM2.5 group), high PM2.5 group(H-PM2.5 group), high fat diet+low PM2.5 group(HFD+L-PM2.5 group), and high fat diet+high PM2.5 group(HFD+H-PM2.5 group). The pups in the control group, PM2.5 low exposure and high exposure groupswere fed with normal diet, other groups were fed with high fat diet. The female rats and their offspring were exposed to PM2.5 usingan animal exposure system equipped with real-time PM2.5 concentration. The low and high dose of PM2.5 were two and four times as high as the real-time concentration of outdoor PM2.5, respectively. Maternal rats were exposed to PM2.5 from day 0 of gestation, 5 h a day, 5 days a week, until day 21 after the birth of their offspring(PND21). Every 7 days, the rat body length and tail length were recorded. At the end of lactation, blood pressure, heart rate, fasting blood glucose, serum triglyceride, and cholesterol levels of PND21 pups were measured.Results The body length of PND21 male offspring in HFD group, HFD+L-PM2.5 group and HFD+H-PM2.5 group was higher than that of CC group(P<0.05). The tail length of PND21 female offspring in HFD+L-PM2.5 group was longer than that of L-PM2.5 group(P<0.05). The factorial analysis results showed that the designed PM2.5 and HFD exposures increased systolic blood pressure in the female pups(P<0.05), while there was no interaction between the two factors(P>0.05). The HFD exposure increased systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure in the male pups(P<0.05). The systolic blood pressure

关 键 词：PM2.5 高脂饮食 血压 血脂 血糖 

分 类 号：R111[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]