我国西部地区城市和农村中学生对人乳头瘤病毒及其预防性疫苗的认知及态度调查  

Knowledge and attitudes towards HPV and its vaccines among junior middle school students in urban and rural schools in Western China

作　　者：陈慧[1] 张荣[3] 刘春容[1,2] 马剑桥 周静 李静 CHEN Hui;ZHANG Rong;LIU Chun-rong;MA Jian-qiao;ZHOU Jing;LI Jing(West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院,四川成都610041 [2]四川大学华西医院中国循证医学中心CREAT团队,四川成都610041 [3]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心博士后科研工作站,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第13期2400-2404,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查我国西部地区城市和农村中学生对人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus, HPV)及其预防性疫苗的认知及态度,为今后在西部地区适龄接种人群中推广HPV疫苗提供参考依据。方法采取以人群为基础的横断面调查。采用便利抽样,分别于2015年、2016年在四川成都市和新疆乌鲁木齐市各抽取一所城市中学和一所农村中学,对所选学校的初一学生进行问卷调查。结果本研究共纳入2 062名学生,有61.3%的学生接触过性教育或性知识,仅7.8%的学生对青春期知识非常了解。有34.6%的学生听说过宫颈癌,城市学生的知晓率高于农村学生(37.7%vs 31.7%,P<0.05)。分别有13.7%和17.7%的学生听说过HPV和HPV疫苗。有50.0%的城市学生和59.6%的农村学生表示愿意接种HPV疫苗,接种意愿存在城乡差异(P<0.05)。来自乌鲁木齐市农村地区且相关认知合格的女学生更愿意接种HPV疫苗。结论我国西部地区城乡中学生对青春期健康、宫颈癌、HPV及HPV疫苗的认知水平较低且存在差异。应将HPV相关知识纳入以学校为基础的健康教育,并根据城乡学生的差异进行有针对性的教育,从而提高城乡适龄接种人群对HPV及其疫苗的正确认知,为将来提高HPV疫苗在青少年人群中的接种率提供基础。Objective To investigate the knowledge and attitude towards human papillomavirus(HPV) and its vaccines among junior middle school students in urban and rural areas in Western China, thus to provide suggestions on how to promote HPV vaccination in the age-appropriate population in Western China. Methods A population based cross-sectional study was conducted. Easy sampling was conducted to recruit students from one urban middle school and one rural school of Chengdu and Urumqi in 2015 and 2016. A set of self-administered questionnaires on HPV and its vaccines were completed by all participants. Results About 61.4% of students had previous sex education, yetonly 7.8% knew sex related knowledge accurately. Only 34.6% had heard of cervical cancer and significant difference was observed between urban and rural students(37.7% VS 31.7%, P<0.05). 13.7% and 17.7% of students had heard of human papillomavirus(HPV) and HPV vaccines, respectively. Significant urban and rural difference was observed regarding students’ willingness to vaccinate themselves(50.0% VS 59.6%, P<0.05). Rural female students who were from Urumqi and qualified for relevant knowledge were more likely to vaccinate themselves. Conclusion Difference exists in the health knowledge regarding adolescent health, cervical cancer, HPV and HPV vaccines between urban and rural middle school students in Western China, and students have poor understanding of related knowledge. HPV-related education is highly recommended to be integrated into the existed school-based sex health education, and different education should be adopted due to the difference between urban and rural students, which will help to increase the knowledge and vaccination rate in the age-appropriate population in Western China.

关 键 词：HPV疫苗 中学生 认知 态度 西部地区 

分 类 号：R737.33[医药卫生—肿瘤]