视障大学生体育活动、应对方式与焦虑的关系  

Relationship between physical activity, coping style and anxiety of visually impaired college students

作　　者：苏新勇 吴雪萍[1] 宫彩燕[2] 张玥[2] SU Xin-yong;WU Xue-ping;GONG Cai-yan;ZHANG Yue(Shanghai University of Sports,Shanghai 200438,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海200438 [2]滨州医学院体育教学部,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第13期2414-2417,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助重点项目(18ATY004)。

摘　　要：目的探讨视障生体育活动、应对方式与焦虑之间的关系,为缓解视障生焦虑症状和促进心理健康提供依据。方法采用整体抽样的方法,使用焦虑自评量表(CSQ)、应对方式问卷(SAS)和体育活动等级量表(PAR-3)对97名视障生进行调查,通过皮尔逊相关分析探寻视障大学生体育活动、应对方式与焦虑之间的关系。结果视障生焦虑得分为40.73±9.44分,焦虑症状检出率为12.40%;不同身体活动量水平的视障生在焦虑得分上存在显著差异(F=4.875,P<0.05)。焦虑组与非焦虑组视障生在应对方式的自责、幻想、退避和合理化维度上差异有统计学意义(t值分别为2.955、2.299、2.810和2.270,P值均<0.05)。焦虑与应对方式中自责、幻想、退避和合理化维度呈正相关(r分别为0.514、0.398、0.509、0.405,P值均<0.001);与体育活动呈负相关(r=-0.258,P<0.05)。结论体育活动与应对方式是影响视障生心理焦虑的重要因素,自责、幻想、退避等消极应对方式能够加重视障生心理焦虑,体育活动能够降低视障生的焦虑水平,促进其心理健康。Objective To explore the relationship between physical activities(PA), coping styles and anxiety of college visually impaired students, so as to provide theoretical reference for alleviating anxiety symptoms and promoting mental health. Methods SAS, CSQ and PAR-3 were used to investigate 97 visually impaired college students. Results The anxiety score of visually impaired students was 40.73±9.44, and the detection rate of anxiety symptoms was 12.40%. There were significant differences in anxiety scores among visually impaired students with different physical activities(PA) levels(F=4.875, P<0.05).There were significant differences in the dimensions of self-accusation, fantasy, evasion and rationalization between the anxious group and the non-anxious group(t=2.955,2.299, 2.810, 2.270, all P<0.05). Anxiety scores were positively correlated with the dimensions of self-accusation, fantasy, retreat and rationalization in coping styles(r=0.514, 0.398, 0.509, 0.405, all P<0.001). It was negatively correlated with sports scores(r =-0.258, P<0.05). Conclusion Physical activities and coping styles are the important factors affecting anxiety of visually impaired students. Negative coping styles such as self-accusation, fantasy and evasion can increase the anxiety, while physical activities can reduce the anxiety level and promote their mental health.

关 键 词：视障生 焦虑状况 应对方式 体育活动 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]