石臼漾人工湿地冬夏季全程氨氧化微生物的分布、群落结构及其影响因素研究  

Research on abundance,community structure and influencing factors of complete ammonia oxidizing bacteria in Shijiuyang constructed wetland in winter and summer

作　　者：韩畅 祝贵兵[2] 宋慧婷[1] HAN Chang;ZHU Guibing;SONG Huiting(Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062;Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology,Research Center for Eco⁃Environment Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学资源环境学院,武汉430062 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,中国科学院饮用水科学与技术重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2020年第7期2511-2521,共11页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.41671471,41322012,91851204);国家重点研发项目(No.2016YFA0602303);环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室专项资金(生态环境科学研究中心,中国科学院)(No.18Z02ESPCR)。

摘　　要：湿地作为水体与陆地之间的过渡地带,具有独特的生态环境特性,是氮循环反应的关键区域.研究湿地生态系统中的全程氨氧化过程(complete ammonia oxidation, comammox),解析该区域中comammox细菌的分布与群落结构特征,补充了此前该新型氨氧化微生物在湿地生态系统中分布特征的研究空白,对于完善comammox细菌在各种不同生态系统中分布情况的研究具有重要意义.本研究在石臼漾人工湿地中于冬夏两季分别采集了大沟中心、大沟边缘、小沟中心和小沟边缘的表层沉积物样品,利用PCR、荧光定量PCR和amoA功能基因高通量测序等方法,解析人工湿地中comammox细菌的时空分布与群落结构特征.主要研究结果如下:①所有样品中均检测到了comammox细菌,其丰度为1.77×10^5~4.07×10^7 copies·g^-1.冬季,comammox细菌丰度在大沟中高于氨氧化细菌(ammonia oxidizing bacteria, AOB)和氨氧化古菌(ammonia oxidizing archaea, AOA),在小沟中高于AOB,但低于AOA;夏季,comammox细菌丰度在所有样点中均高于AOB和AOA.②冬夏两季样品中,comammox细菌丰度与底物NH+4-N浓度均呈负相关关系,且夏季样品中呈显著性负相关.③主坐标分析(Principle Coordinate Analysis, PCoA)与多样性分析结果表明,comammox细菌群落结构具有空间异质性,且冬季物种多样性高于夏季.As a transition zone between water and land,wetland with unique ecological environment characteristics is the key area of nitrogen cycle reaction.The wetland ecological system of the complete ammonia oxidation,as well as the distribution and community structure features of comammox bacteria in the area are studied.This complements the research blank of the distribution features of ammonia oxidation microorganism in the wetland ecosystem.In this study,surface sediment samples from the large ditch center,large ditch edge,small ditch center and small ditch edge were collected in winter and summer,respectively,in Shijiuyang constructed wetland.The spatial and temporal distribution and community structure characteristics of comammox bacteria were analyzed via PCR,quantitative PCR and high⁃throughput sequencing of amoA genes.The research results are described as follows:①Comammox bacteria were detected in all samples,and their abundance ranged from 1.77×10^5 to 4.07×10^7 copies·g^-1.The abundance of comammox bacteria was higher than that of ammonia oxidizing bacteria(AOB)and ammonia oxidizing archaea(AOA)in a large ditch in winter.In a small ditch,it was higher than that of AOB while lower than that of AOA.It was higher than both AOB and AOA in summer.②In winter and summer,the bacterial abundance of comammox bacteria was negatively related to the concentration of NH+4⁃N,which was more significant in summer samples.③Principle Coordinate Analysis(PCoA)and diversity analysis results showed that the comammox bacterial community structure had spatial heterogeneity,and species diversity in winter was higher than that in summer.

关 键 词：全程氨氧化 硝化作用 人工湿地 沉积物 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]