从权力政治到生命政治:两种场域与两种路向  

From Power Politics to Life Politics:Two Fields and Two Directions

作　　者：晏辉 Yan Hui

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学哲学与法政学院,上海200234

出　　处：《中州学刊》2020年第6期95-103,共9页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“转型期中国伦理基础变迁及其重建研究”(16AZX018)。

摘　　要：对个体自身而言,保证、发展和满足生命权力就自在地是他最大的“政治”。狭义的“生命政治”概念特指政府、政党、国家在政治权力和公共职权支配下,通过政策、制度和行动创造并分配公共善,看待和对待个体生命时所体现出来的观念和行动,以及这种观念和行动所具有政治的性质。在社会正常状态下,生命的自然属性得到保障的条件下,生命政治的社会性形式即“外在之善”的获得、生命政治的精神属性形式即“灵魂之善”的实现,就成了政治权力和公共职权所要实现的终极目标;在非常状态下,个体生命受到严重威胁,恢复生命、保持健康就变成了首要的政治任务,生命政治的生物属性就具有了社会性和精神性意义。在生命、权力和资本之间,场域不同,价值排序有别。对此,政治哲学可以提供两种思考路向:在应对和消除公共卫生危机过程中,生命、资本、权力何种逻辑优先?在政治逻辑优先的运行中,如何处理权力政治与生命政治的关系?基于此,更为深层的问题是,一个好的国家治理和社会管理,必然是在正常状态和非常状态之间保持一致性的治理。For the individual himself,the guarantee,development and satisfaction of life power are his greatest"politics".In a narrow sense,the concept of"life politics"specifically refers to the concept and action of the government,political party and state,which create and distribute public good through policies,systems and actions under the control of political power and public authority,and regard and treat individual life,as well as the political nature of this concept and action.In the normal state of society,under the condition that the natural attribute of life is guaranteed,the social form of life politics,that is,the acquisition of"external good"and the realization of spiritual attribute form of life politics,i.e."the goodness of soul",have become the ultimate goal of political power and public authority.Under the abnormal state,the individual life is seriously threatened,and that his life is restored and kept healthy has become the primary political task,and the biological attribute of life politics has social and spiritual significance.Among life,power and capital,the fields are different and the order of value is different.In this regard,political philosophy can provide two ways of thinking:in the process of coping with and eliminating the public health crisis,which logic priority should be given to life,capital and power?In the operation of political logic priority,how to deal with the relationship between power politics and life politics?Based on this,the deeper understanding is that a good national governance and social management must be consistent between the normal state and the abnormal state.

关 键 词：公共危机 全球性后果 资本逻辑 政治逻辑 国家治理 生命至上 

分 类 号：B82[哲学宗教—伦理学]