可调压力激光焊接工艺地面模拟装置的研制  

Development of Pressure-adjustable Ground Simulation Device for Laser Welding Process

作　　者：李权洪 庞盛永[1] 黄安国[1] 梁吕捷[1] 郭嘉琪[1] 韦朋余[2] LI Quan-hong;PANG Sheng-yong;HUANG An-guo;LIANG Lv-jie;GUO Jia-qi;WEI Peng-yu(State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430000,China;Chinese Ship Scientific Research Center,Wuxi 214082,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学材料成形与模具技术国家重点实验室,武汉430000 [2]中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏无锡214082

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2020年第4期152-159,共8页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：国防科工局项目(KJSP2016040103)。

摘　　要：目的针对普通激光焊接实验装置无法用于非常压极端环境下激光焊接工艺的难点,研发设计一种可用于模拟环境压力变化的激光焊接地面模拟装置,使得在地面上模拟深海高压环境激光焊接和太空负压环境激光空间制造过程成为可能。方法针对非常压极端环境下激光焊接实验成本高以及危险性大等问题,并综合考虑高压力、低真空,以及水下高盐度、低温度和微生物等环境特点,对模拟装置的压力调节集成系统、激光入射孔以及可移动运动平台3个主要方面进行设计。自主设计研发一套具备从负压到高压压力范围可调的激光焊接地面模拟装置,并对模拟装置进行实验和性能验证。结果研制装置压力测试的结果表明,该装置能够开展5.2 Pa(真空环境)至13.13 MPa(深海环境)压力范围条件下的激光焊接实验,为深海高压激光焊接过程以及空间负压激光制造过程提供实验基础。基于该模拟装置进行了不同压力环境下的激光焊接实验,结果表明,大气环境中随着压力的增大,焊缝熔深逐渐增大,而熔宽呈减小趋势;水下环境中随着焊接速度的增大,焊缝熔深和熔宽均逐渐减小。结论实验结果与现有研究结果相近,可调压力激光焊接地面模拟装置的可行性和有效性得到了验证。该装置能够为未来深海高压和外太空负压激光焊接实验进一步研究提供设备支撑,具有良好的应用前景。Since the ordinary laser welding experimental device cannot be used to study the laser welding process under extreme pressure and extreme environmental conditions,for this reason,the paper aims to develop and design a laser welding ground simulation device that can be used to simulate changes in environmental pressure,so that the deep sea environment for laser welding and space negative pressure environment for laser space manufacturing can be simulated on the ground.Aiming at the problems of high-cost and high-risk of laser welding experiments under extreme pressure extreme environmental conditions,and through comprehensively considering the environmental characteristics of high pressure,low vacuum,and high salinity,low temperature and microorganisms under water,the simulation device was designed from three main aspects:pressure adjustment integrated system,laser entrance hole and movable motion platform.A set of laser welding ground simulation device with adjustable pressure range from negative pressure to high pressure was independently developed and designed,and the experiments and performance of the simulation device was verified.Through the pressure experiments of the developed device,the results showed that the device was able to simulate the environment of pressure between 5.2 Pa(the space environment)and 13.13 MPa(the deep sea environment),laying a foundation for experiment of deep sea high pressure laser welding and space negative pressure laser space manufacturing.The results showed that,the weld penetration increased and the weld width decreased with the increase of pressure in the atmospheric environment;the weld penetration and width decreased with the increase of welding speed in the underwater environment.The test result is close to the current research result.The feasibility and effectiveness of the adjustable pressure laser welding ground simulation device are verified.The device is able to provide equipment support for further research of welding process in the deep-sea and the space in the fut

关 键 词：变压调节 水下环境 激光焊接 局部干法 模拟装置 

分 类 号：TG439.4[金属学及工艺—焊接]