原油生物酶脱硫机理研究进展  

The Progress in Bio-enzyme Desulphurization Mechanism of Crude Oil

作　　者：高国宾 胡琳琪 张鑫 董浩[1] 佘跃惠 Gao Guobin;Hu Linqi;Zhang Xin;Dong Hao;She Yuehui(College of Chemical and Environment Engineering,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434000;College of Petroleum Engineering,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100;Xinjiang Shanshan Tuha Oilfield Underground Technical Operation Company,Tulufan 838000,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学化学与环境工程学院,湖北荆州434000 [2]长江大学石油工程学院,湖北武汉430100 [3]新疆鄯善吐哈油田井下技术作业公司,新疆吐鲁番838000

出　　处：《广东化工》2020年第14期83-87,共5页Guangdong Chemical Industry

基　　金：十三五国家科技重大专项(2017ZX05009-004);国家自然基金(No.51574038,No.51634008)。

摘　　要：原油中含硫化合物在燃料燃烧时产生的SO2会对大气和土壤造成严重污染,世界各国政府都颁布了条例限制燃油中的硫含量。传统的加氢脱硫、氧化脱硫、吸附脱硫和萃取脱硫等方法,都存在操作限制和环境影响等问题。生物酶技术因具有特异性强、环境友好等特点,近年来,已在原油脱硫方面引起了广大石油科技工作者的浓厚兴趣。本文主要介绍了生物酶脱硫的机理,综述了近年来国内外利用胞内酶和固定化酶对原油脱硫的研究进展,总结了影响生物酶脱硫活性的各种环境因素,指出了目前研究中存在原油有机硫组成复杂,酶分离技术,经济性,脱硫工艺等关键问题,建议对脱硫关键酶的结构,酶脱硫动力学,脱硫酶的广谱性等难题开展深入研究。The serious pollution to the atmosphere and soil are caused by SO2, which is produced by burning the fuel from the crude oil containing complex organic sulfur compounds. So, the regulations to limit the sulfur content in fuel oil, have been made by all kinds of governments around the world. The traditional methods, such as hydrodesulfurization, oxidation desulfurization, adsorption desulfurization and extraction desulfurization, have some problems relevant to operation limitation and environmental impact. Bio-enzyme are used for desulfurization of crude oil due to its strong specificity and environment friendly, has aroused great interest to a lot of scientific and technological workers in recent years. This paper aims to highlight the bio-enzyme desulfurization mechanism. It also summarizes the research progress of desulfurization of crude oil by intracellular and immobilized enzymes in recent years. In addition, various environmental factors affecting the desulfurization activity of bio-enzymes have been discussed. Finally, it is points out that there are some key issues in the current research field, such as the complex organic sulfur composition of crude oil, enzyme separation technology, economy, and desulfurization process. So, it is suggested to make further research on the structure of key enzymes for desulfurization, the kinetics of enzyme desulfurization, and broad-spectrum of desulfurization enzymes.

关 键 词：原油 生物酶脱硫机理 胞内酶 固定化酶 影响因素 

分 类 号：TE624[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]