斑尾刺虾虎鱼和黄鳍刺虾虎鱼的形态学、遗传学比较  

Comparative studies on morphology and genetics between Acanthogobius ommaturus and Acanthogobius flavimanus

作　　者：孙志成 李亚东 宋晨雨 陈健 宋娜[1] SUN Zhicheng;LI Yadong;SONG Chenyu;CHEN Jian;SONG Na(Key Laboratory of Mariculture,Ocean University of China,Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266003,China;Marine Science School,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003 [2]浙江海洋大学海洋科学学院,浙江舟山316022

出　　处：《水产学报》2020年第8期1237-1248,共12页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41776171);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(201964002)。

摘　　要：利用传统形态学、耳石形态学和线粒体DNA(mtDNA)部分片段作为标记方法,研究了斑尾刺虾虎鱼和黄鳍刺虾虎鱼的种间差异。结果显示,两种间的第二背鳍鳍棘数、第二背鳍鳍条数、臀鳍鳍棘数、臀鳍鳍条数和脊椎骨数无交叠现象;量度特征的主成分分析的结果显示,第一主成分的贡献率达到52.101%,主要反映了鱼体体型的比例,其中与躯干后部特征的相关性最高;依据判别函数的综合判别准确率为100%;单因素方差分析显示两种虾虎鱼除吻长、上颌长等头前部指标及与尾部长度相关指标之间的差异不显著外,其余各指标均存在显著性差异。耳石傅立叶分析的结果与量度特征分析的结果类似,主成分分析的结果显示,第一主成分贡献率为12.181%,主要反映了耳石背侧和前后缘的形状特征;依据判别函数的群体综合判别准确率为100%。对两种虾虎鱼线粒体DNA的D-loop、COⅠ、16S rRNA和12S rRNA片段序列进行比较分析,基于K-2P模型计算得到两种虾虎鱼种间遗传距离均显著大于种内遗传距离;以六丝钝尾虾虎鱼作为外群,结合GenBank上下载的刺虾虎鱼属其他种类的同源序列构建的系统树均显示两种虾虎鱼分别聚类,遗传差异显著。In this study,morphological analysis,Fourier analysis of otolith and fragments of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)were used to detect the species differences between Acanthogobius ommaturus and A.flavimanus.The results showed that there was no overlap among the number of second dorsal fin spines,the number of second dorsal fin rays,the number of gluteal fin spines,the number of gluteal fin rays and the number of vertebrae.The results of the principal component analysis showed that the contribution rate of the first principal component was 52.101%,which mainly reflected the proportion of the body shape of the fish.The contribution rate related to the characteristics of the rear part of the trunk was the highest.The comprehensive discrimination accuracy based on the discriminant function was 100%.One-Way Analysis of variance showed that there was no significant difference between the head front indexes(such as the length of snout and the length of the upper jaw)and the indexes related to the length of the tail of two species.There are significant differences in other indicators except for the difference between them.The results of the Fourier analysis of otoliths were similar to those of the measurement characteristics analysis.The result of principal component analysis showed that the contribution rate of the first principal component was 12.181%which mainly reflected the shape characteristics of the dorsal and anterior and rear edges of otolith.The discrimination accuracy based on the discriminant function was 100%.The four fragment sequences of D-loop,COⅠ,16S rRNA and 12S rRNA in the mtDNA of the two species were compared and analyzed.The result showed that the genetic distance between species was significantly higher than that within species based on the K-2P model.The phylogenetic tree constructed by combining the homologous sequences of other gobies in Acanthogobius downloaded from Genbank showed that the two species were clustered respectively.And the genetic difference was significant.

关 键 词：斑尾刺虾虎鱼 黄鳍刺虾虎鱼 形态学 耳石傅立叶分析 遗传学 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]