基于预测控制的大惯量风机全工况功率调度跟踪  

Power Dispatching Tracking of Large-inertia Wind Turbine Under Full Operating Conditions Based on Predictive Control

作　　者：王会盼 刘吉臻 胡阳 王坤[2] WANG Huipan;LIU Jizhen;HU Yang;WANG Kun(State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System With Renewable Energy Sources(North China Electric Power University),Changping District,Beijing 102206,China;Electric Power Research Institute,State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Company,Heping District,Tianjin 300022,China)

机构地区：[1]新能源电力系统国家重点实验室(华北电力大学),北京市昌平区102206 [2]国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院,天津市和平区300022

出　　处：《电网技术》2020年第7期2520-2528,共9页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家电网有限公司科技项目(4500-201999535A-0-0-00)。

摘　　要：面向电网调度、风电场内调度,现代风机需具备跟踪功率调度指令的灵活可调能力。针对这种需求,文章系统地提出了一种功率调度跟踪控制方案。首先,将风机运行工况划分为正常发电和限电弃风两种状态。当风机处于正常发电状态时,在额定风速以下基于模型预测控制算法设计了一个转矩补偿控制器,改进了传统的最优转矩控制器,提高风能利用效率。在额定风速以上采用MPC(modelpredictive control)桨距角控制器替代PID(proportional-integralderivative)控制器。在限电弃风状态时,提出了一种转速优先的变速变桨混合跟踪控制策略。针对两种运行状态下的变速变桨过渡区间分别添加了一个无扰切换过程。通过在多种风速下进行仿真对比,发现所提出的功率控制策略均具有较好的控制效果,可以实时响应风电场内功率调度。For grid power dispatching and wind farm power dispatching,modern wind turbine needs to be flexible and adjustable to track power dispatching instructions.In response to this demand,this paper systematically proposes a methodology for power dispatching tracking control.Firstly,the operating condition of the wind turbine is divided into two states:normal power generation and wind curtailment.When the wind turbine is in the normal power generation condition,on one hand,a torque compensation controller is designed by using model predictive control(MPC)algorithm when below the rated wind speed,which improves the traditional optimal torque control(OTC)strategy and increases the utilization efficiency of wind energy.On the other hand,the MPC pitch angle controller is used to replace the proportional-integral-derivative(PID)controller when above the rated wind speed.A hybrid tracking control strategy with variable speeds and variable pitches is proposed under the condition of wind curtailment,which gives priority to the torque control than the pitch regulation.An undisturbed switching process is added to the transition region under the two operating states respectively.Through simulation and comparison under various wind speeds,it is found that the power control strategy has good control effect and can respond to wind farm power dispatching in real time.

关 键 词：风电场功率调度 预测控制 最大功率跟踪 限功率跟踪 无扰切换 

分 类 号：TM614[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]