析“分子电流”假说引发的一场争论  

An Analysis on the Hypotheses of Molecular Current

作　　者：王延锋[1] WANG Yan-feng(School of History and Culture of Science,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学科学史与科学文化研究院,上海200240

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2020年第6期111-115,共5页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“实验与科学的合理性研究”(17BZX038)。

摘　　要：奥斯特的电流磁效应发现后,安培提出"分子电流"假说,试图对磁铁和通电导线的磁性产生机制作统一解释。笃信培根主义归纳法的法拉第对"分子电流"假说持怀疑态度,坚持从实验现象来解释自然。安培则坚持数学演绎法的有效性。法拉第与安培之争是一场何为可接受的科学假说和适当的研究方法之争,同时也反映了两者自然哲学观念上的明显差异。After Oersted announced his discovery of magnetic effect of electric current, Amp-ère proposed his hypotheses of molecular current. But it was criticized by Michael Faraday who was a loyal Baconian. This debate between Ampère and Faraday was about what is an acceptable hypothesis and what is appropriate research methods. Faraday insisted that nature should be comprehended through experimental phenomenon,but Ampère believed the effectiveness of mathematical deduction. This debate was also reflected the divergence of their natural philosophy.

关 键 词：分子电流 培根主义 演绎法 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]