藏族天文历算中的藏汉文化交流  

On the Cultural Exchange between Chinese and Tibetans in the Tibetan Astronomical Calendar

作　　者：夏吾才让[1] 拉毛草 Sha-Bo-Tshe-Ring;Lha-Mo-vTsho(Northwestern Nationalities University,Lanzhou,Gansu,730030)

机构地区：[1]西北民族大学,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《青海师范大学学报（藏文版）》2020年第2期38-45,共8页Journal of Qinghai Normal University (Tibetan language)

基　　金：2019年度国家社科基金资助项目“基于大数据的藏族天文历算经典文献整理与综合研究”(批准号19VJX139)阶段性成果;西北民族大学“研究生藏族历算课程教学内容、教学方法改革研究”研究成果之一。

摘　　要：藏族天文历算是以物侯历为基础,以时轮历为主体,五行运算和时宪历以及周边其他地区历法为补充并逐步发展的一门综合性学科,广泛应运于在藏族民众的生活中,是藏族民众长期的知识沉淀和经验总结的文化体系,更是藏族传统文化的重要组成部分,具有科学的思想内涵和研究价值。对天文历算的基本知识、背景,以及汉藏文化交流发展史的了解,有助于进一步了解藏族文化体系,从而使藏族天文历算学得以长足的进步和发展。在七世纪时期汉藏两地文化交流频繁,天干、地支、五曜、八卦、九宫、七曜和二十八宿等天文知识也逐渐融入历法当中,这一时期吐蕃地区出现了大批天文历算学家和大量的天文历法著作及天文仪器,起到了对多元文化传承与保护作用。Tibetan astronomical calendar is a comprehensive subject based on phonological calendar,with time cycle calendar as the main body,and supplemented and gradually developed by five-element operation,time constitution calendar and other calendars in surrounding areas,it is widely used in the real life of the Tibetan people.This subject is an operable cultural system of Tibetan people’s long-term knowledge accumulation and experience,it is an important part of Tibetan traditional culture and has scientific ideological connotation and research value.By understanding the basic knowledge and background of astronomical almanac,as well as the history of the development of kinship between Chinese and Tibetan cultures,it is helpful for people of all ethnic groups to understand the Tibetan cultural system,thus making considerable progress and development of Tibetan astronomical almanac.In the seventh century,there were frequent cultural exchanges between Chinese and Tibetans,and astronomy knowledge such as the ten Heavenly Stems,terrestrial branch,five luminaries,the eight diagram,ninth house,seven luminaries and the lunar mansions were gradually integrated into the calendar,during this period,a large number of astronomical almanac calculators and a large number of astronomical calendar works and astronomical instruments appeared in Tubo region,which were sufficient to play a role in the inheritance and protection of multi-cultures.

关 键 词：藏族 天文历算 汉藏文化 

分 类 号：K281[历史地理—历史学]