一株耐盐真眼点藻(Eustigmatos sp.)的户外培养及油脂提取工艺研究  

Outdoor Cultivation Oil Extraction of the Salt-tolerant Microalga,Eustigmatos sp.

作　　者：李涛[1,3] 赵伟 杨冰洁 陈子硕 吴华莲 吴后波[1,3] 向文洲 LI Tao;ZHAO Wei;YANG Bing-Jie;CHEN Zi-Shuo;WU Hua-lian;WU Hou-bo;XIANG Wen-zhou(Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou),Guangzhou 510301)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室广东省海洋药物重点实验室,广州510301 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广州510301

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2020年第7期130-138,共9页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学青年科学基金项目(31602182);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0406);中国科学院重点部署项目(ZDRW-ZS-2017-2-2);国家海洋经济创新示范城市项目(2017BH0005)。

摘　　要：真眼点藻(Eustigmatos)具有生长速率快、可以积累高含量油脂等特性,受到藻类学家的关注,评价它的户外生产性能和探索油脂提取工艺是实现其产业化的关键。利用自制的平板光生物反应器,通过测定生长、脂类积累及脂肪酸组成,评价一株分离自宁夏地区的耐盐真眼点藻(Eustigmatos sp.SCSIO-45821)的户外生长特性及乙醇提油可行性。结果显示,真眼点藻SCSIO-45821可以利用户外平板光生物反应器进行培养,6 cm光径反应器有利于生物质和二十碳五烯酸积累,平均生物质和二十碳五烯酸产率分别为93.5 mg/L·d和0.6 mg/L·d,而在促进油脂积累方面,4 cm光径反应器更加具有优势,平均油脂产率达到22.0 mg/L·d。利用100%乙醇、常温下提取真眼点藻油脂可以获得94.3%的提取率,所提油脂含有超过70%的中性脂与4.0%的EPA,但藻油需要进行精炼和脱色处理。户外平板光生物反应器是一种较理想的真眼点藻培养装置,但需要根据目标产物选择合适的光径,乙醇可以作为真眼点藻的油脂提取溶剂。Due to the fast growth and the ability of accumulating high content of microalgal oil and polyunsaturated fatty acids,Eustigmatos sp.has received widespread attention from microalgal scientists.Assessing its outdoor cultivation and exploring oil extraction from Eustigmatos are considered as the key to its industrialization.Two kinds of light path self-made flat-plate photobioreactors were used to evaluate the productivity of Eustigmatos sp.SCSIO-45821,which was isolated from the Ningxia Autonomous Region by measuring its growth,lipid accumulation,and fatty acid composition.Moreover,the method of oil extraction by ethanol was investigated.Results showed that Eustigmatos sp.SCSIO-45821 grew normally in the flat-plate photobioreactors.The light path of 6 cm flat-plate photobioreactors was suitable for the production of Eustigmatos biomass being rich in eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA).The highest average productivity of biomass and EPA was 93.5 mg/L·d and 0.6 mg/L·d,respectively.However,the light path of 4 cm flat-plate photobioreactor was more conducive to oil accumulation,and the lipid productivity was 22.0 mg/L·d.Ethanol was used for the extraction of oil from the biomass of Eustigmatos.The optimal condition for oil extraction included:100%ethanol,room temperature and more than 36 h for extraction,and under which the highest extraction rate reached 94.3%.The extracted oil contained>70%neutral lipid in total lipid and 4.0%EPA in total fatty acid.However,the Eustigmatos oil showed black color and needed to be decolorized and refined.In sum,the outdoor flat-plate photobioreactor is an ideal device for cultivating Eustigmatos sp.However,it is necessary to select a suitable light path according to the target product.Ethanol can be used as an ideal solvent for extracting oil from Eustigmatos oil.

关 键 词：真眼点藻 微藻油 平板光生物反应器 产率 油脂提取 

分 类 号：Q949.9[生物学—植物学]