辽宁省不同气候区域“寒富”苹果果实品质比较  

Comparision of Fruit Quality of ‘Hanfu’ Apple in Different Climatic Regions of Liaoning Province

作　　者：李丽杰[1] 马怀宇[1] 吕德国[1] 杜国栋[1] 王超[2] LI Lijie;MA Huaiyu;LYU Deguo;DU Guodong;WANG Chao(College of Horticulture,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110866;College of Horticulture,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai′an,Shandong 271018)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,辽宁沈阳110866 [2]山东农业大学园艺学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《北方园艺》2020年第12期8-16,共9页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFD0201115);沈阳市科技计划资助项目(17-231-1-86)。

摘　　要：以"寒富"苹果为试材,采用气相色谱等方法,比较研究了辽宁省不同气候特征区域对"寒富"苹果果实品质的影响,根据温度和降雨等气候因子在辽宁省划分为干凉区、冷凉区、温凉区、温和区和湿润区。结果表明:温和区的果实平均单果质量最高,湿润区次之,干凉区最低;温凉区的果实硬度最高,冷凉区次之,干凉区最低;冷凉区的果实可溶性固形物含量最高,干凉区次之,温和区最低;干凉区的果实可溶性糖含量最高,冷凉区次之,温凉区最低;湿润区的果实有机酸含量最高,温凉区最低。在"寒富"苹果果实中共检测到7类、56种香气成分。其中,干凉区果实香气成分数量为56种,温凉区为54种,冷凉区为51种,温和区为46种,湿润区为42种。由香气成分种类判断,"寒富"苹果果实香气属酯香型。地区间果实品质指标差异明显,且气候对果实品质各项指标的影响不同。‘Hanfu’ apple was used as the material to study the effect of different climatic characteristics on the fruit quality of ‘Hanfu’ apple cultivated in different climatic regions of Liaoning Province,through GC-MS.According to the climatic factors such as temperature and rainfall,the fruit-tree cultural regions of Liaoning Province were divided into cool-dry region,cool region,moderate-cool region,warm region and humid region.The results showed that the average per-fruit weight was the highest in warm region,followed by the humid region and the lowest was in the cool-dry region.The fruit firmness was the highest in the moderate-cool region,followed by the cool region and the lowest was in the cool-dry region.The soluble solid content of the fruit was the highest in the cool region,followed by the cool-dry region and the lowest was in the warm region.The content of soluble sugar was highest in the cool-dry region,followed by the humid region and the lowest was in the moderate-cool region.The content of organic acid was highest in the humid region,and the lowest was in the moderate-cool region and the cool-warm region.A total of 7 categories and 56 kinds of volatile components were identified in ‘Hanfu’ apple collected from those five regions.Among them,56 kinds of volatile components were identified in the cool-dry region,54 kinds were identified in the cool-warm region,51 kinds were identified in the cool region,46 kinds were identified in the temperate region,and 42 kinds were identified in the humid region.‘Hanfu’ apple was classified as ester-type cultivar according to the different categories and relative contents of volatile components.There were significant differences in fruit quality indexes among five regions,and the effects of climate on fruit quality indexes were various.

关 键 词：“寒富”苹果 气候区域 果实品质 香气成分 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]