网络外部性条件下厂商产品创新与过程创新动态最优控制  

Dynamic Optimal Control of Product and Process Innovation of a Company in a Monopoly Market with Network Externality

作　　者：李寿德[1] 丁一珊 LI Shoude;DING Yishan(Antai College of Economics and Management,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学安泰经济与管理学院,上海200030

出　　处：《系统管理学报》2020年第4期698-710,共13页Journal of Systems & Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71974081)。

摘　　要：基于生产单一产品的垄断企业在连续时间内进行产品创新(提高产品质量)与过程创新(降低边际生产成本)的最优控制问题,通过建立网络外部性条件下的动态控制模型,探讨系统的稳定均衡以及相关的投资策略问题。研究结果表明:系统存在唯一的鞍点均衡。当产品创新和过程创新投资变化率的符号相同(相反)时,两种投资具有互补性(替代性)。当网络外部性的固定强度减小时,企业的稳态产品创新与过程创新投资随着产品质量的提升而增加,随着产品边际生产成本的降低而增加,且产品质量和边际生产成本在稳态状态附近变动时,产品创新和过程创新投资具有互补性。此外,社会福利最大化条件下的企业产品创新和过程创新投资均高于企业利润最大化条件下的相应投资;尽管社会福利最大化条件下的产品价格由企业决定,该情形下的产品价格依然高于企业利润最大化条件下的产品价格。The problem of optimal control of product innovation(improving product quality)and process innovation(reducing marginal production costs)of a monopoly company producing a single product in a continuous time is discussed,and a dynamic control model under network externality conditions is established to discuss the stable equilibrium of the system and investment strategy issues related.The result shows that there exists a unique saddle equilibrium.When the sign of the change rate of investment in product innovation and process innovation is the same(opposite),the two investments are complementary(alternative).When the fixed intensity of network externality decreases,the steady-state product innovation and process innovation investment of the company increases as the product quality improves,and as the marginal production cost of the product decreases;when product quality and marginal production cost change around the steady state,the product innovation and process innovation investment are complementary.In addition,the investment in both product innovation and process innovation under the condition of maximizing social welfare is higher than the corresponding investment under the condition of maximizing the profits of the company.Although the product price under the condition of maximizing social welfare is determined by the company,the product price under this condition is still higher than that under the condition of maximizing the profit of the company.

关 键 词：产品创新 过程创新 网络外部性 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理]