过瘤胃葡萄糖的瘤胃稳定性及其不同剂量对燕麦干草瘤胃降解特性的影响  

Rumen Stability of Rumen-Protected Glucose and Its Effects of Different Doses on Rumen Degradation Characteristics of Oat Hay

作　　者：王亚品 张帆 华登科[1] 蒋林树[2] 熊本海[1] WANG Yapin;ZHANG Fan;HUA Dengke;JIANG Linshu;XIONG Benhai(State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,Institute of Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]北京农学院,奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2020年第7期3428-3438,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31572435,31402107);国家“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2016YFDO700205,2016YFDO700201)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在应用尼龙袋法研究过瘤胃葡萄糖(RPG)的瘤胃稳定性及其不同剂量对燕麦干草瘤胃降解特性的影响,为科学利用RPG有效缓解能量负平衡(NEB)提供理论参考。试验分为2个部分。试验一:选用4头安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的健康荷斯坦奶牛,通过测定不同时间点(0、2、4、6、8、12、24 h)RPG中葡萄糖的剩余量,计算RPG的瘤胃降解率,探究RPG的瘤胃稳定性,以为后续研究提供理论支持。试验二:选用6头安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的健康荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为3组,每组2头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,200和350 g组在基础饲粮中分别添加200和350 g/(头·d)的RPG,将RPG均匀混合于精料中进行饲喂。预试期7 d,正试期3 d。通过测定燕麦干草在瘤胃内滞留2、6、12、24、36、48、72 h后干物质(DM)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、粗蛋白质(CP)的瘤胃降解率和降解参数,探究不同剂量RPG对燕麦干草瘤胃降解特性的影响。结果显示:1)RPG在瘤胃内的有效降解率为45.97%。2)各时间点(07:00、14:00、21:00)时,对照组瘤胃液pH显著高于350 g组(P<0.05),200 g组瘤胃液氨态氮(NH3-N)浓度显著高于其他2组(P<0.05),瘤胃液各挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)(14:00的丁酸和异戊酸除外)及总VFA浓度各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)燕麦干草的DM有效降解率各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05);350 g组燕麦干草的NDF有效降解率最低,与200 g组和对照组差异显著(P<0.05);燕麦干草的ADF瘤胃有效降解率与NDF有效降解率具有相似的变化规律;燕麦干草的CP有效降解率各组之间没有显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,RPG的过瘤胃率为54.03%,奶牛饲粮中添加200 g/(头·d)RPG在缓解NEB及调控瘤胃发酵的同时不会对燕麦干草瘤胃降解特性产生显著影响。The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rumen stability of rumen protected glucose(RPG)and its effects of different doses on the rumen degradation characteristics of oat hay by using the nylon-bag technique,so as to provide theoretical reference for scientific use of RPG to effectively alleviate negative energy balance(NEB).The experiment was divided into two parts.In experimentⅠ,four Chinese Holstein cows with permanent ruminal cannulas were selected to evaluate the stability of RPG in the rumen and determine the degradation rate of rumen by measuring the residual amount of glucose remaining in the RPG at different time points,so as to provide theoretical support for subsequent study.In experimentⅡ,six Chinese Holstein cows with permanent ruminal cannulas were used and randomly divided into 3 groups with 2 cows per group.Cows in control group were fed a basal diet,and those in 200 and 350 g groups were fed the basal diet added with 200 and 350 g/(head·d)RPG,respectively,and the RPG were fed mixing concentrate.The pre-test lasted for 7 d and the test lasted for 3 d.The dry matter(DM),neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF)and crude protein(CP)ruminal degradability and degradation parameters of oat hay retained in the rumen for 2,6,12,24,36,48 and 72 h were determined to evaluate the effects of different doses of RPG on the degradation characteristics of oat hay.The results showed as follows:1)the effective degradation rate of RPG in the rumen was 45.97%.2)At different time points(07:00,14:00 and 21:00),rumen fluid pH of the control group was significantly higher than that in the 350 g group(P<0.05),and rumen fluid ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N)concentration of the 200 g group was significantly higher than that of the other groups(P<0.05),but there were no significant difference in each volatile fatty acid(expect acetate and isovalerate at14:00)and total volatile fatty acid concentration(P>0.05).3)The effective degradation rate of DM for oat hay was not significant among groups(P>0.05);the lowes

关 键 词：能量负平衡 过瘤胃葡萄糖 燕麦干草 瘤胃降解率 发酵特性 尼龙袋法 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]