噪声作业人员听力防护认知与精神卫生状况关系  

Correlation between cognition on hearing protection and mental health status among noise-exposed workers

作　　者：李晓亮 张璟 何平 何东奎 廖锡庆[3] 黄瑞妍[3] 杨敏[3] LI Xiaoliang;ZHANG Jing;HE Ping;HE Dongkui;LIAO Xiqing;HUANG Ruiyan;YANG Min(Department of Occupational Health,Zhuhai Center for Chronic Disease Control,Zhuhai,Guangdong,519000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]珠海市慢性病防治中心职业卫生科,广东珠海519000 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区职业病医院,新疆乌鲁木齐830009 [3]广东省职业病防治院,广东省职业病防治重点实验室,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2020年第2期186-189,195,共5页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2014A020209052);广东省职业病防治重点实验室(2017B030314152)。

摘　　要：目的探讨噪声作业人员听力防护认知与精神卫生状况的关系。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,选择新疆地区煤矿、钢铁、纺织3家企业的499名噪声作业人员为研究对象,采用《工作场所健康促进试点项目员工情况调查表》调查其听力防护认知状况和精神卫生状况。结果研究对象精神卫生异常率为47.1%(235/499)。Logistics回归分析结果显示:女性、年龄≤40岁、不能忍受目前噪声危害、担心罹患噪声聋和自觉噪声引起不适均是研究对象罹患精神卫生异常的危险因素(比值比分别为1.62、1.87、2.42、2.20、2.14,P<0.05);佩戴护听器时间≥3.0年是罹患精神卫生异常的保护因素(比值比为0.47,P<0.05)。结论噪声作业人员对噪声听力防护的主观认知差异对精神卫生状况有影响。Objective To explore the correlation between the cognition on hearing protection and mental health status of noise-exposed workers.Methods A total of 499 noise-exposed workers from 3 enterprises of coal mine,steel and textile in Xinjiang region were selected as study subjects by stratified cluster random sampling method.The cognitive status of hearing protection and mental health status of each group were investigated by the Workplace Health Promotion Pilot Project Questionnaire.Results A total of 235 workers had abnormal mental health status.The abnormal rate of mental health status was 47.1%(235/499).The results of logistic regression analysis showed that female,age≤40.0 years,unable to bear current noise hazards,worried about noise-induced-deafness and noise-induced discomfort were the risk factors of abnormality of mental health status(odds ratio values were 1.62,1.87,2.42,2.20,2.14,P<0.05).Using hearing protectors for≥3.0 years was the protective factor of abnormality of mental health status(odds ratio value was 0.47,P<0.05).Conclusion The subjective cognition on hearing protection has an impact on the mental health of noise-exposed workers.

关 键 词：噪声 听力 危害防护 认知 精神卫生 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]