Rasch模型在八年级数学学业测试卷质量分析中的应用  

Application of Rasch Model in Quality Analysis of Mathematics Test in the Eighth Grade

作　　者：张迪 Zhang Di

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《教育测量与评价》2020年第8期34-41,共8页Educational Measurement and Evaluation

基　　金：北京师范大学中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心项目“2016区域教育质量健康体检”(项目编号:110105006)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：Rasch模型的应用对于提高数学学业测评结果的客观性具有重要意义。采用Rasch模型的Winsteps软件对一份八年级数学学业测试卷的质量进行分析,从单维性检验、怀特图、项目拟合和误差统计、气泡图等方面评估测试卷的整体质量。结果表明:测试卷整体信度较高,难度适中,且有一定的区分度,能较为客观地考查学生的数学学业水平,但缺乏考查高能力水平的题目,个别题目指标与Rasch模型不能很好地拟合,在题目修订时需多加考虑。在运用Rasch模型进行试卷质量分析时,应结合测试目标,检验测试题是否符合其适用条件,同时参考模型检验数据与模型指标的拟合程度,增减题目以满足评估要求;此外,还应借助模型的其他功能,评估数学测试卷的公平性。The application of the Rasch model is of great significance for improving the objectivity of Mathematics assessment results.In this study,the overall quality of the eighth-grade Mathematics test was analyzed by the Winsteps which adopts Rasch model including single-dimensional test,Wright map,project fit and bubble chart etc.Results show that the overall reliability of the test is high and there is a certain degree of discrimination,which can reflect the students’Mathematics academic level objectively.However,results also show the range of students’ability level is larger than the distribution of item difficulty,and the problems of high ability level are absent.In addition,this study presents a set of procedures of revising and deciding the items that do not meet the expectations of the Rasch model by combining the fitting indicators,which provides references for teachers to use the Rasch model to improve the quality of tools during the development of high-quality mathematical assessment tools.

关 键 词：RASCH模型 数学学业测试 质量分析 学生能力 

分 类 号：G424.74[文化科学—课程与教学论]