从遥感考古走向空间考古——文化遗产保护时代的新任务  

From rremote sensing archaeology to sspace archaeology:A new task in the era of cultural heritage protection

作　　者：王心源 骆磊 WANG Xinyuan;LUO Lei(Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science,Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;International Centre on Space Technologies for Natural and Cultural Heritage under the Auspices of UNESCO,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院数字地球重点实验室,北京100094 [2]UNESCO国际自然与文化遗产空间技术中心,北京100094

出　　处：《遥感学报》2020年第7期837-841,共5页NATIONAL REMOTE SENSING BULLETIN

基　　金：中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(编号:XDA19030502);国家自然科学基金(编号:41801345)。

摘　　要：基于遥感考古发展历程与主要进展分析,提出从遥感考古走向空间考古的认识,构划空间考古内涵、主要研究内容与实验区选择。空间考古既是适应文化遗产保护需求的新任务、新发展与新使命,也是文化、科学与技术融合发展的一支新学科,将促进"一带一路"的建设,并为提升中国参与全球治理软实力贡献力量。In the past century, remote sensing has been of particular interest for archaeological specialists and the public because of the combination of three key points of archaeologicalresearch objects, space, and time. Remote sensing has become an important and powerful tool for helping archaeologists to explore and understand cultural and archaeological sites, discovering and monitoring archaeological sites,documenting and preserving cultural heritage, and resolving real archaeological problems. Recently, the focus of remote sensing-based archaeological applications has moved away from survey, mapping, monitoring, and documentation to the deep-mining of archaeological big data, archaeological knowledge(re-) discovery and understanding, and settlement pattern analysis and archaeolandscape reconstruction.These improvements and transformations have been jointly pushing remote sensing archaeology toward a new stage of space archaeology. In this study, the major achievements in remote sensing that is used for cultural heritage conservation are reviewed. Then, a brief dissection of connotations, tasks, methods, and potentials of the new paradigm of space archaeology is provided. The research object of space archaeology is the culture–space or human–land complex containing the remains of anthrophonic production, living activities, and their supporting ecoenvironments. Space archaeology, a new subfield of archaeology, has the technical advantages and disciplinary characteristics of shaping the unique cognition of cultural heritage. Space archaeology represents an invaluable set of powerful tools for prospecting, monitoring and documentation. It also supports the conservation of archaeological and cultural heritage sites and their supporting environments. The establishment and construction of space archaeology need experimental areas and bases. On the one hand, this study presents the layout of the experimental areas of"three lines and four zones"for domestic research on the basis of the comprehensive consideration of the

关 键 词：遥感考古 空间考古 文化遗产 一带一路 空间信息 考古大数据 

分 类 号：K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]