“言语”还是“行动”——论《美国野牛》与《拜金一族》中的戏剧语言  

“Speech” or “Action”:The Dramatic Language in American Buffalo and Glengarry Glen Ross

作　　者：刘艳卉[1] Liu Yanhui

机构地区：[1]上海戏剧学院戏剧文学系

出　　处：《英美文学研究论丛》2020年第1期127-139,共13页English and American Literary Studies

摘　　要：本文通过分析美国剧作家马梅特的两部剧作《美国野牛》和《拜金一族》中的"言语",认为马梅特有意识选择方便人物"言说"的情节,有意识地让人物的"言语"和"行动"具备一致性。当"言语"用于辩论、说服、威胁交流对象,使之接受和屈服于自己的观点时,"言语"也就成为"行动"。作为"言语"的行动强调语言的攻击性,让对话双方的意志冲突通过语言来表现,并运用人物语言中的视角、聚焦和潜台词来增加戏剧张力,以弥补过于依赖"言语"而导致情节单调直白的弊端。马梅特"言语即行动"的艺术选择简化了情节,便于主题的集中表达和灵活安插大段议论,更能体现话剧与影视剧相比"说"的特色。The author of this paper analyzes the "speech" in American playwright Mamet’s two plays American Buffalo and Glengarry Glen Ross,and believes that Mamet has a conscious selection of plot that facilitates the character’s "speech" and consciously makes people’s "speech" and "action" consistent.When "speech" is used in debating,persuading,and threatening others to accept and subdue one’s own views,"speech" becomes "action".The action of "speech" emphasizes the aggressive feature of language,and shows the conflict in the dialogue of both sides through language.To avoid the disadvantage of the excessive dependence on "speech" which causes dull plot,he also uses perspective,focus and subtext of the characters to increase the tension of the drama.Mamet’s artistic selection of "speech is action"simplifies the plot,facilitates the concentrated expression of the theme and flexible interpretation of the long discussion,and can better reflect the speech feature of drama compared with the film and television drama.

关 键 词：大卫·马梅特 言语 行动 戏剧张力 情节 

分 类 号：I712.073[文学—其他各国文学]