延吉市城市生态用地优化研究  

Research on urban ecological land use optimization in Yanji City

作　　者：莫伯现 姚美岑 李明玉[1] MO Boxian;YAO Meicen;LI Mingyu(Geography Department,Sciences College of Yanbian University,Yanji Jilin 133002,China)

机构地区：[1]延边大学地理与海洋科学学院,吉林延吉133002

出　　处：《延边大学农学学报》2020年第2期96-103,共8页Agricultural Science Journal of Yanbian University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41461036);2019年吉林省“十三五”科学技术项目(JJKH20191124KJ)。

摘　　要：城市生态用地是一个城市生态环境的载体,其在生态环境保护和可持续发展中具有重要意义。该文以可持续发展为目标,借助地理信息系统软件ArcGIS为支持手段,结合生态系统服务价值测算和景观生态学的理论与方法,分析了延吉市1990、2005和2016年土地利用动态度、生态用地价值的变化趋势,以及延吉市2016年城市生态用地景观格局的现状。结果表明:1)延吉市1990-2016年耕地、林地、水域和园地的用地面积均处于减少的状态,减少最多的是耕地,减少量为191.54hm^2,绿地、其他生态用地和非建设用地面积处于增长状态,园地、其他生态用地和非生态用地的年增加率仍在提高;2)延吉市生态用地总价值从1990年的12313.70万元降到2016年的10722.23万元,总价值下降了1591.46万元,2005-2016年的年下降率比1990-2005年多,年下降分别为98.01万元和34.23万元;3)破碎度指数、周长面积比、斑块密度这3项景观指标反映了人类对景观破碎程度的影响,影响程度由低到高依次是园地<耕地<林地<湿地<其他生态用地<绿地。根据研究结果与城市规划相关原则,提出了延吉市城市生态用地建设的优化对策。The concept of city ecologic land is a relatively new interdisciplinary research field,which services for city ecological environment with a new point of view.It is important to eco-environmental protection development.This study aimed at the sustainable development,utilized geographic information systems software Arcgis as supporting instrument,took the calculation of ecosystem service function value and landscape ecology for theory criteria,studied on the construct actuality for Landscape Pattern of City ecological land of Yanji city in 2016.The results showed:1)the cultivated land,forest land,water area and garden land in Yanji City from 1990 to 2016 is in a state of reduction,the most decreased is cultivated land,the reduction is 191.54 hm^2,the green land,other ecological land and non-construction land is in a state of growth;the annual growth rate of gardens,other ecological land and non-ecological land is still increasing;2)the total value of ecological land in Yanji City decreased from 12,313,700 yuan in 1990 to 10,722,230 yuan in 2016,and the total value decreased by 15,914.6 million yuan,the annual rate of decline from 2005 to 2016 was more than that from 1990 to 2005,with annual rates of decline of 980,100 yuan and342,300 yuan respectively;3)The fragmentation index,perimeter area ratio and density of the three landscape patch index reflects the human influence on landscape of broken degree.The influence degree from low to high followed by garden plot,arable land,forest land,wet land,other ecological land and green land.Some optimization measures about urban ecological land construction in Yanji City were suggested in the end.

关 键 词：生态用地 生态系统服务 景观格局 延吉市 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]