18个丝瓜新组合主要农艺性状聚类分析及褐变度鉴定  

Clustering Analysis on the Agronomic Characters of 18 New Combinations of Luffa and the Identification of Browning Degree

作　　者：康玉妹[1] 薛珠政[1] 刘建汀 KANG Yu-mei;XUE Zhu-zheng;LIU Jian-ting(Crop Research Institute of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Vegetable Engineering TechnologyResearch Center/Fujian Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetic Breeding, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院作物研究所/福建省蔬菜工程技术研究中心/福建省蔬菜遗传育种重点实验室,福建福州350013

出　　处：《福建农业科技》2020年第5期20-26,共7页Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目——省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2019R1031-2);国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-25-01A);福建省农业科学院蔬菜科技创新团队(STIT2017-1-2);福建省科技重大专项(2018NZ0002-3)。

摘　　要：筛选丝瓜优良新品系,进而培育新的丝瓜品种。聚类分析18个丝瓜新组合主要农艺性状;利用基于总酚的褐变度分级标准分析新组合的褐变等级,并进行营养成分分析。试验结果表明:18个丝瓜组合第一雌花节位8.0~11.5节,早熟、生长势强、瓜面粗、细瘤、瓜皮浅绿色。C2、C3、C4、C9组合短圆筒形,瓜长21.8~35.4 cm,瓜径4.5~7.2 cm,单瓜重500~550 g。C1、C2、C3、C5、C7、C11产量分别比对照农福801增加13.03%、11.56%、11.58%、20.61%、17.76%、22.08%。18个丝瓜新组合褐变度2.6~8.0,营养成分与对照农福801相当。C2、C3、C4、C9组合褐变度低、品质佳、肉质紧实、抗逆性强、抗病性较好。4个新组合综合性状表现良好,农艺性状符合育种目标,分别为C2、C3、C4、C9,可供进一步示范推广。The fine new strains of luffa were screened,in order to cultivate the new varieties of luffa.The main agronomic characters of 18 new combinations of luffa were analyzed by clustering,and the browning grade of the new combination was analyzed by using the grading standard of browning degree based on the total phenols,and then the nutritional components were analyzed.The results showed that the first female flower nodes of the 18 combinations of luffa were 8.0-11.5 nodes,with early maturity,strong growth potential,thick surface,fine tumor and light green peel.And the combinations of C2,C3,C4 and C9 were short cylindrical,with the fruit length of 21.8-35.4 cm,fruit diameter of 4.5-7.2 cm,and fruit weight of 500-550 g.The yield of C1,C2,C3,C5,C7 and C11 respectively increased by 13.03%,11.56%,11.58%,20.61%,17.76%and 22.08%,compared with the control group Nongfu 801.The browning degree of the 18 new combinations of luffa was 2.6-8.0,and the nutritional components were similar to that of the control group Nongfu 801.The combination of C2,C3,C4 and C9 had low browning degree,good quality,firm texture,strong stress resistance and good disease resistance.The four new combinations showed good comprehensive characters,and the agronomic characters were in line with the breeding objective,namely C2,C3,C4 and C9,which could be further demonstrated and popularized.

关 键 词：丝瓜 新组合 农艺性状 聚类分析 褐变度 

分 类 号：S642.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]