基于住院医师临床需要的脑解剖教学方法  

Teaching method for brain anatomy based on the need of residents

作　　者：刘琦[1] 郭金竹[1] 贾建平[1] 窦万臣[1] LIU Qi;GUO Jin-zhu;JIA Jian-ping;DOU Wan-chen(Department of Neurosurgery,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,CAMS & PUMC,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院,北京协和医学院,北京协和医院神经外科,北京100730

出　　处：《基础医学与临床》2020年第8期1161-1163,共3页Basic and Clinical Medicine

基　　金：中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2016-I2M-1-004)。

摘　　要：由于人脑结构的高度复杂性,神经系统解剖是解剖中的难点,不仅临床医学生感到困难,即使是神经外科的规培医生、住院医师甚至低年资主治医师也普遍认为人脑解剖结构复杂,不易掌握。在临床上结合手术中所见,直接参加并观察脑解剖是做好临床教学的一个好方法。但是由于神经外科手术多数视野狭小,且人脑组织质地柔软,有些结构及毗邻关系仍无法直观理解。为此,北京协和医院神经外科和北京协和医学院解剖教研室协作,针对临床需要,特别是关于手术路径,到解剖教研室有针对性地进行解剖学习,形象直观,对于促进住院医师了解神经系统解剖是一个值得推荐的学习方法。The difficulty of learning anatomy of central nervous system is not only present in education of undergraduates but also in residents training due to the highly complexity of the human brain.It is a good chance to learn brain anatomy through attending to neurological surgery.However,some structures still can not be seen clearly because of small size and deep location.The brain tissue is soft and fragile and would be damaged if over retract to expose deep structures.The detail anatomy of brain is still too hard to understand by the residents.In order to improve the understanding of brain anatomy,a research group was set up composed of residents,undergraduates,neurosurgeons and faculty to dissect cadavers.The approach is the same as the patients were operated or to be operated on,and the learners can observe the deep brain structures carefully in all directions and discuss with teachers through the dissection procedure.The method is well received by medical students and residents and so we recommend it without hesitation.

关 键 词：住院医培训 规范化培训 中枢神经系统解剖 教学方法 

分 类 号：R651.19[医药卫生—外科学]